INSPIRE Track 1: Action, Vision and Language, and their Brain Mechanisms in Evolutionary Relationship

INSPIRE 轨道 1：行动、视觉和语言及其进化关系中的大脑机制

• 批准号: 1343544
• 负责人: Michael Arbib
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-15 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1343544&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: INSPIRE; Track; Action; Vision; Language

This INSPIRE award is partially funded by the Perception, Action, and Cognition Program in the Division of Behavioral and Cognitive Sciences in the Directorate for Social, Behavioral, and Economic Sciences and the Robust Intelligence Program in the Division of Information and Intelligent Systems in the Directorate of Computer and Information Science and Engineering.This research will address and bridge two grand challenges: (1) To understand how action, perception, and social interaction were supported by the brain of the last common ancestor of macaque and human, complementing modeling elsewhere on great apes, and (2) To build on evolutionary insights to better understand how different parts of the human brain work together when we use language. Key entry points will be signed and spoken languages and the use of hand gestures (e.g., novel hand gestures by apes) to convey meaning. Going further, a particular focus will be on systems that link the brain's capacities to generate as well as recognize actions, and their interactions with other brain systems. An international group of scientists in linguistics, primatology, neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, and neurocomputational modeling of motor, cognitive and language processes will pool data on the anatomy, physiology, behavior and communication of the various primate species. To support this extended collaboration, the researchers will build a novel online collaborative environment ("Collaboratory Workspaces") to test, make predictions, and challenge both the modeling and experimentation. This infrastructure may catalyze a new style of collaboration between modelers, experimentalists, and clinicians. The research also has the potential to support modeling of the damage that results in the clinical disorders of apraxia and aphasia. Integration of models of vision, action and language is also important for creating robots that can flexibly and usefully interact with individual people and for "neuromorphic architecture," in which a building's sensors and action systems adaptively adjust to the human inhabitants.

该INSPIRE奖部分由社会、行为和经济科学理事会行为和认知科学部的感知、行动和认知计划以及计算机和信息科学与工程理事会信息和智能系统部的稳健智能计划资助。这项研究将解决并弥合两个重大挑战：（1）了解猕猴和人类最后一个共同祖先的大脑是如何支持行动、感知和社会互动的，补充其他地方对类人猿的建模;（2）以进化的见解为基础，更好地理解当我们使用语言时，人类大脑的不同部分是如何协同工作的。 关键的切入点将是手语和口语以及手势的使用（例如，猿的新手势）来传达意思。更进一步，一个特别的重点将是连接大脑产生和识别动作的能力的系统，以及它们与其他大脑系统的相互作用。一个由语言学、灵长类动物学、神经解剖学、神经生理学和运动、认知和语言过程的神经计算建模的国际科学家小组将汇集各种灵长类动物物种的解剖学、生理学、行为和交流数据。为了支持这种扩展的合作，研究人员将建立一个新的在线协作环境（“协作工作空间”）来测试，预测和挑战建模和实验。这种基础设施可能会促进建模者，实验者和临床医生之间的新型合作。这项研究也有可能支持导致失用症和失语症临床疾病的损伤模型。视觉、动作和语言模型的整合对于创造能够灵活有效地与个人互动的机器人以及“神经形态建筑”也很重要，在“神经形态建筑”中，建筑物的传感器和动作系统自适应地适应人类居民。