Phylogeny and evolution of digger wasps based on molecular and morphological data, with special reference to their relationships to bees

基于分子和形态学数据的挖掘黄蜂的系统发育和进化，特别是它们与蜜蜂的关系

• 批准号: 213851745
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Michael Ohl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Museum für Naturkunde - Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions- und Biodiversitätsforschung (MfN)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2015-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/213851745?language=en
• 关键词: Phylogeny; evolution; digger; wasps; based

Digger wasps (“Sphecidae”, today apoid wasps) are a morphologically and behaviorally heterogeneous group of stinging, that is, aculeate Hymenoptera and comprises about 10,000 known species. They are considered to be a paraphyletic, artificial group, which does not originate from a stem species of its own. Together with the species-rich bees (Apiformes), they form a well-supported monophyletic Apoidea. In order to understand the phylogeny and evolution of the Apoidea including bees as well as the Aculeata in total, characterizing the monophyletic subgroups within apoid wasps is of great importance. This will also lead to solve the significant and still open question after the sistergroup of the bees. In order to achieve these goals, we will conduct phylogenetic analyses based on molecular and morphological characters. The dataset will comprise all higher-level taxa in apoid wasps, which will result in abpout 100 terminal taxa, including outgroups. For each we will sequence 10 genes. We will also extract relevant morphological characters from the literature, inuding many still unpublished characters provided by the applicants, which will be used to create a comprehensive datamatrix. We will employ both datasets in cladistic analysis, and the resulting trees will serve as a basis for hypotheses on character evolution in apoid wasps and within Apoidea.

挖掘蜂（Sphecidae）是一种形态和行为上异质的刺蜂，即刺蜂，已知约有10，000种。它们被认为是一个并系的人工类群，并不起源于其自身的一个干种。与种类丰富的蜜蜂（蜜蜂目）一起，它们形成了一个支持良好的单系Apoidea。为了全面了解蜜蜂总科（包括蜂类和针蜂类）的发生和进化，描述蜜蜂总科中的单系亚群具有重要意义。这也将导致解决蜜蜂姐妹群之后的重大和仍然悬而未决的问题。为了实现这些目标，我们将进行分子和形态特征的基础上的系统发育分析。该数据集将包括所有高级别的类群在apoid黄蜂，这将导致约100个终端类群，包括外群。我们将为每个人测序10个基因。我们还将从文献中提取相关的形态特征，包括申请人提供的许多尚未发表的特征，这些特征将用于创建综合数据矩阵。我们将采用这两个数据集的分支分析，由此产生的树木将作为一个基础上的假设，在apoid黄蜂和Apoidea的性格演变。