I-Corps: Software for Emergency Preparedness for Dam or Levee Failure

研究人员建议开发一种软件，用于确定大坝或堤坝破裂后洪水的程度。在目前的模型和软件中，水流被假设为一维流动，这对自然河道（尤其是那些有洪泛平原的河道）是无效的，大坝被假设为瞬间失效，这在现实工程中是不正确的。因此，计算的结果可能不准确，由此产生的计划是不可靠的。研究小组开发了二维溃坝水流的数值计算程序，并将计算结果与实验结果进行了比较。正在进行水坝逐渐破坏的小型和大型实验室试验。拟议的软件将是用户友好的，利用最先进的数值程序，允许交互式数据输入，并提供图形输出选项，可被当局和咨询工程公司用于制定可能的大坝和防洪堤故障应急准备计划。1976年提顿大坝溃坝后，美国联邦政府要求所有高坝业主为可能发生的大坝溃坝准备应急计划。提出的创新可以用来模拟意外的大坝和堤防失效以及计划的堤防决口造成的洪水，以减轻洪水的危害。所提出的模型可用于制定灾难性洪水事件的应急计划，节省大量资金和生命，并减轻不利的环境影响。需要采取预防措施，以更好地估计大坝或堤防的溃坝流量，我们的软件可以提供潜在洪涝地区的淹没地图，供大坝所有者和急救人员制定应急行动计划。该模型的扩展版本将适用于模拟暴雨和融雪造成的洪水、其他水工建筑物的破坏、雪崩和泥石流，以及模拟可能的地貌环境影响。

Researchers propose to develop software for determining the extent of flooding following dam or levee failure. In current models and software, flows are assumed to be one-dimensional flows, which is not valid for natural channels (especially those with flood plains), and the dam is assumed to fail instantaneously, which is not true on real-life projects. Therefore, the results computed may not be accurate and the resulting plans are unreliable. The research team has developed numerical procedures for two-dimensional dam-break flows and compared the computed and experimental results. Small and large scale laboratory tests on gradual failure of dams are being conducted. The proposed software will be user-friendly, utilize state-of-the-art numerical procedures, allow interactive data input and provide options for graphical output and can be used by authorities and consulting engineering firms to develop emergency preparedness plans for possible dam and levee failures.Following the Teton Dam Failure in 1976, all the owners of high dams have been mandated by the US Federal Government to prepare emergency plans for possible dam failure. The proposed innovation can be utilized to simulate flooding resulting from accidental dam and levee failures and planned levee breach to mitigate flood hazards. The proposed model can be used to prepare emergency plans for a catastrophic flooding event and save a significant amount of money and lives and mitigate adverse environmental impacts. Preventative measures need to be taken to develop a better estimate of a dam or levee failure flow and our software can provide inundation maps of potential flooded areas for the development of emergency action plans by dam owners and first responders. An extended version of the model will be suitable for simulating flood flows from rainstorm and snowmelt, failure of other hydraulic structures, avalanches and mud flows, and simulation of possible geomorphic environmental impacts.