I-Corps: Software for Emergency Preparedness for Dam or Levee Failure

研究人员建议开发软件，以确定大坝或堤坝坍塌后的洪水程度。在目前的模型和软件中，水流被假定为一维水流，这对于天然河道(特别是具有泛滥平原的河道)是无效的，并且假定大坝瞬间坍塌，这在现实工程中是不成立的。因此，计算的结果可能不准确，由此产生的计划也不可靠。研究小组开发了二维溃坝流动的数值程序，并将计算结果与实验结果进行了比较。正在进行大坝逐渐坍塌的小型和大型实验室试验。拟议的软件将是用户友好的，利用最先进的数值程序，允许交互数据输入，并提供图形输出选项，可供当局和咨询工程公司用来制定可能发生大坝和堤坝坍塌的应急准备计划。1976年蒂顿大坝坍塌后，美国联邦政府已要求所有高坝所有者为可能的大坝坍塌准备应急计划。拟议的创新可用于模拟因大坝和堤坝意外坍塌以及计划中的堤防决口而导致的洪水，以减轻洪水风险。该模型可用于为特大洪灾事件制定应急预案，节省大量资金和生命，减轻对环境的不利影响。需要采取预防措施，以更好地估计大坝或堤坝的失事流动，我们的软件可以提供潜在洪泛区的淹没地图，供大坝所有者和第一反应人员制定紧急行动计划。该模型的扩展版本将适用于模拟暴雨和融雪、其他水工建筑物的破坏、雪崩和泥石流的洪水流动，以及模拟可能的地貌环境影响。

Researchers propose to develop software for determining the extent of flooding following dam or levee failure. In current models and software, flows are assumed to be one-dimensional flows, which is not valid for natural channels (especially those with flood plains), and the dam is assumed to fail instantaneously, which is not true on real-life projects. Therefore, the results computed may not be accurate and the resulting plans are unreliable. The research team has developed numerical procedures for two-dimensional dam-break flows and compared the computed and experimental results. Small and large scale laboratory tests on gradual failure of dams are being conducted. The proposed software will be user-friendly, utilize state-of-the-art numerical procedures, allow interactive data input and provide options for graphical output and can be used by authorities and consulting engineering firms to develop emergency preparedness plans for possible dam and levee failures.Following the Teton Dam Failure in 1976, all the owners of high dams have been mandated by the US Federal Government to prepare emergency plans for possible dam failure. The proposed innovation can be utilized to simulate flooding resulting from accidental dam and levee failures and planned levee breach to mitigate flood hazards. The proposed model can be used to prepare emergency plans for a catastrophic flooding event and save a significant amount of money and lives and mitigate adverse environmental impacts. Preventative measures need to be taken to develop a better estimate of a dam or levee failure flow and our software can provide inundation maps of potential flooded areas for the development of emergency action plans by dam owners and first responders. An extended version of the model will be suitable for simulating flood flows from rainstorm and snowmelt, failure of other hydraulic structures, avalanches and mud flows, and simulation of possible geomorphic environmental impacts.