Synthetic Gauge Fields in Quantum Gases of Dysprosium

镝量子气体中的合成规范场

• 批准号: 1403396
• 负责人: Benjamin Lev
• 金额: $ 44.5万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1403396&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Synthetic; Gauge; Fields; Quantum; Gases

This research project explores uncharted regimes of 'strongly correlated matter' (matter which behaves notably differently from what one would expect based on knowledge gained by studying only the constituents in isolation) by pushing the experimental state-of-the-art in atomic physics, quantum optics, and condensed matter physics. In addition, the group actively collaborates with theoretical groups to develop frameworks for understanding these novel tools and complex systems. The project focuses on the diversity of quantum many-body phases that may arise from the unusual properties of the element dysprosium under the influence of specialized excitation by laser radiation. This program will build the experimental capability to seek these phases using the successful machine assembled under a prior NSF CAREER grant for laser cooling and trapping dysprosium. The research concerns physics and technical skills that find application in a variety of significant areas of technology, most notably lasers and photonics for telecommunications and advanced novel solid-state materials for electronic devices. The research provides opportunities for graduate and undergraduate student education in a state-of-the-art laser lab. Several groups have realized a synthetic magnetic field using alkali atoms either in traps or in optical lattices as well as one-dimensional spin-orbit coupling. Spin-orbit coupling in a Bose gas can lead to superfluid phases with stripe order and a rich phase diagram. These achievements announce an exciting new frontier for exploring quantum many-body physics in quantum gases, connecting to existing phenomena and challenges in condensed matter systems. The group aspires to pursue brand-new phenomena barely, or perhaps not at all, realizable in the solid state by employing high-spin quantum gases of dysprosium atoms. Dysprosium (Dy) offers several advantages for realizing unusual, strongly correlated states and exotic spinor phases beyond those phases widely discussed in the context of utilizing dysprosium?s large magnetic dipole moment. The large spin and narrow optical transitions of Dy atoms should allow for the generation of synthetic magnetic fields one order of magnitude larger than those in the alkalis, but with considerable reduction of the heating rate. Consequently, creating quantum Hall states in Dy may be more practicable than in the currently employed alkali atoms.

该研究项目通过推动原子物理学，量子光学和凝聚态物理学的实验最新技术，探索“强相关物质”（物质的行为与人们根据仅研究孤立成分所获得的知识所期望的明显不同）的未知制度。此外，该小组积极与理论小组合作，开发理解这些新工具和复杂系统的框架。 该项目的重点是量子多体相的多样性，这种多样性可能是由于镝元素在激光辐射的特殊激发作用下的不寻常性质而产生的。 该计划将建立实验能力，以寻求这些阶段使用成功的机器组装下先前的NSF职业生涯赠款激光冷却和捕获镝。该研究涉及物理和技术技能，可应用于各种重要的技术领域，最引人注目的是用于电信的激光和光子学以及用于电子设备的先进新型固态材料。这项研究为研究生和本科生在最先进的激光实验室接受教育提供了机会。几个研究小组已经实现了一个合成磁场，使用碱金属原子在陷阱或光学晶格以及一维自旋轨道耦合。玻色气体中的自旋轨道耦合可以导致具有条纹有序和丰富相图的超流相。这些成就宣布了探索量子气体中量子多体物理学的令人兴奋的新前沿，连接到凝聚态系统中的现有现象和挑战。 该小组渴望通过使用镝原子的高自旋量子气体来追求全新的现象，这些现象在固态下几乎无法实现，或者根本无法实现。 镝（Dy）提供了几个优势，实现不寻常的，强相关的国家和异国情调的旋量阶段超出了这些阶段广泛讨论的背景下，利用镝？s大磁偶极矩。Dy原子的大自旋和窄光学跃迁应该允许产生比碱金属中大一个数量级的合成磁场，但加热速率大大降低。因此，在Dy中产生量子霍尔态可能比在目前使用的碱金属原子中更可行。