EAPSI: An examination of relationships between mindfulness, personality traits, and levels of anxiety and depression in American and Japanese populations

EAPSI：对美国和日本人群的正念、人格特质以及焦虑和抑郁水平之间关系的研究

• 批准号: 1414879
• 负责人: Melissa Stiksma
• 金额: $ 0.51万
• 依托单位: Stiksma Melissa C
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2015-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1414879&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAPSI; examination; relationships; between; mindfulness

Mindfulness is described as nonjudgmental awareness on the present moment. Grounded in Eastern religions, mindfulness has gained recent attention in psychological research due to its association with positive well-being. Mindfulness-based therapies are associated with decreased stress and anxiety as well as increased social emotion and behavior. In contrast, certain personality traits, can serve as risk factors for higher levels of depression and anxiety. Overall, the current proposal investigates whether levels of mindfulness mediate the relationship between personality traits and levels of anxiety and depression in nonclinical populations in Japan and America. This study will be conducted at the University of Tsukuba under Dr. Shintaro Yukuwa, a current researcher of mindfulness and emotion. Expecting differing levels of the proposed variables due to culture and religion, it is essential that the proposed study be conducted in an East Asian country to bridge the literature gap between Western-conceived mindfulness and Eastern religious mindfulness. This research aims to advance the scientific literature on personality traits, clinically-relevant symptoms (e.g., depression and anxiety), and facets of mindfulness through comparing data between populations. Of more clinical interest, correlation and mediation analyses will allow us to see how mindfulness occurs in individuals and how it relates to pertinent variables. Also of significant interest is exposure to natural disasters and degree of religiosity. By better understanding the multifaceted relationship of mindfulness, personality and clinical measures, psychologists can better help those suffering from mental conditions and create preventative methods for those at risk of developing clinical problems. Mental illness can often be greatly reduced in severity: understanding risk factors, such as personality traits, and ameliorating variables, such as mindfulness, can have a significant impact in psychology and international society in general. This NSF EAPSI award is funded in collaboration with the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science.

正念被描述为对当下时刻不加评判的意识。以东方宗教为基础，正念最近在心理学研究中引起了人们的关注，因为它与积极的幸福感有关。以正念为基础的疗法与减少压力和焦虑以及增加社会情绪和行为有关。相反，某些性格特征可能会成为更高程度的抑郁和焦虑的风险因素。总的来说，目前的建议是调查在日本和美国的非临床人群中，正念水平是否调解了人格特征与焦虑和抑郁水平之间的关系。这项研究将在筑波大学（University of Tsukuba）进行，由现任正念与情绪研究员Yukuwa Shintaro博士负责。由于文化和宗教的不同，所提出的变量会有不同的水平，因此必须在东亚国家进行拟议的研究，以弥合西方观念的正念和东方宗教正念之间的文献差距。本研究旨在通过比较人群之间的数据，推进人格特征、临床相关症状（如抑郁和焦虑）和正念方面的科学文献。更有临床意义的是，相关性和中介分析将使我们看到正念是如何在个体中发生的，以及它与相关变量的关系。同样令人感兴趣的是对自然灾害的暴露程度和宗教虔诚程度。通过更好地理解正念、个性和临床措施之间的多方面关系，心理学家可以更好地帮助那些患有精神疾病的人，并为那些有可能出现临床问题的人创造预防方法。精神疾病的严重程度通常可以大大降低：了解风险因素，如人格特征，以及改善变量，如正念，可以对心理学和国际社会产生重大影响。NSF EAPSI奖是与日本科学促进会合作资助的。