Collaborative Research: Changes in Arctic Sea Ice and their Impact on Timing of Life History and Production of Zooplankton

合作研究：北极海冰的变化及其对浮游动物生命史和生产时间的影响

• 批准号: 1417677
• 负责人: Rubao Ji
• 金额: $ 55.6万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-01 至 2018-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1417677&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Changes; Arctic; Sea

NontechnicalThis project will demonstrate the impact of climate-induced changes in the arctic physical system on the timing of primary production and a single important copepod species. This species serves as a model for understanding the interplay between the physical and biological processes in arctic systems and how the changing timing and sequence of events due to climate change may influence the success or failure of that species. The results can be extrapolated to other organisms and groups that are similarly dependent on seasonal cycles and on the timing of events in the physical and biological environment to better predict the changes in this ecosystem under changing climate.The project will introduce K-12 students to ways in which climate change may influence ecosystems in the Arctic. The educational activities and curricula developed through this project will be made available broadly and the team plans to sponsor one undergraduate each year in a student fellowship program to pursue a research project associated with this work. A post-doctoral investigator will participate in the modeling and the team will disseminate its results to the scientific community through conferences and meetings and to the broader public through social media and online presence.TechnicalArctic organisms are adapted to the strong seasonality of environmental forcing. A small timing mismatch between species' life histories and their physical and biological environment can have significant consequences for them and for the entire arctic ecosystem. Climate warming is likely to cause earlier snowmelt on sea ice and speed its retreat in the Arctic, thus causing variability in the timing (phenology) of marine primary production. Such changes will significantly impact the pelagic consumers that rely on that primary production. The focus of this study is to understand the coupling between the physical environment, the timing and magnitude of primary production, and the secondary production of pelagic consumers by focusing on a single dominant species as a model. The copepod Calanus glacialis is a key member of arctic ecosystems, critical in the linkages among sea ice and ocean conditions, primary production, secondary production, upper trophic level consumers, and ultimately human communities. It also follows a life history that is closely timed to pulses of ice algal and phytoplankton primary production in the Arctic Ocean, making it an attractive focus of study because of the potential vulnerability of that life history to climatically induced disruptions to the biological and physical environment. The objectives are: to describe past conditions and predict future changes to selected characteristics of the marine physical environment that influence the production response (e.g., sea ice, water temperature); to explore the physical and biological factors controlling C. glacialis population dynamics; to investigate the interannual variability of its spatial distributions and possible shifts in life history strategy under ongoing climate change; and to identify the implications of those spatial and temporal shifts to secondary production and beyond. The research will combine a copepod individual-based model and a concentration-based biology-ice-ocean model into a spatially-explicit biological-physical coupled model, integrating remotely sensed and in-situ observational data and laboratory-derived copepod vital rates to project plankton production under future climate change scenarios.

非技术这项项目将证明气候引起的北极物理系统变化对初级生产时间和单个重要的pepod物种的影响。该物种是理解北极系统中物理和生物学过程之间相互作用的模型，以及由于气候变化而导致的变化时序和事件的变化可能影响该物种的成功或失败。该结果可以推断到类似地依赖于季节性周期以及物理和生物学环境中事件的时间的其他生物体和群体，以更好地预测气候变化的生态系统的变化。该项目将把K-12学生引入气候变化可能影响北极生态系统的方式。通过该项目开发的教育活动和课程将广泛提供，团队计划每年在学生奖学金计划中赞助一个本科生，以从事与这项工作相关的研究项目。博士后研究者将通过会议和会议通过社交媒体和在线形象将其结果传播给科学界，并将其结果传播给科学界。Technicalarctic有机体适应了强烈的环境强迫季节性。物种的生命历史与其物理和生物环境之间的一个小时不匹配可能对它们以及整个北极生态系统产生重大影响。气候变暖可能会导致海冰上的早期融雪，并加速其在北极的撤退，从而导致海洋初级生产的计时（物学）变异性。这种变化将显着影响依赖于该初级生产的上层消费者。这项研究的重点是了解物理环境之间的耦合，初级生产的时机和幅度以及上层消费者的二级生产，通过集中于单个主导物种作为模型。 Copepod calanus冰川是北极生态系统的关键成员，在海冰和海洋条件之间的联系，初级生产，二级生产，上营养水平的消费者以及最终的人类社区中至关重要。它还遵循了一段生活史，该历史与冰藻和浮游植物的脉搏在北极海洋中的生产相距甚远，这使其成为研究的吸引力，因为这种生活史可能会造成对生物和物理环境的气候造成的破坏。目标是：描述过去的条件并预测影响生产反应的海洋物理环境的选定特征的未来变化（例如，海冰，水温）；探索控制冰川梭菌种群动态的物理和生物学因素；调查其空间分布的年际变异性以及在持续的气候变化下生活历史战略的可能转变；并确定那些空间和时间转移到二级生产及以后的含义。这项研究将将基于CopePod的个体模型和基于浓度的生物学冰山模型结合到空间解释的生物学耦合模型中，将远程感知和现场观测数据和实验室衍生的copepod速率整合到未来气候变化方面的Project Project ProjeCTOD生产。