PFI:BIC: Enhanced Situational Awareness Using Unmanned Autonomous Systems for Disaster Remediation

PFI：BIC：利用无人自治系统增强态势感知以进行灾难修复

• 批准号: 1430328
• 负责人: Kam Leang
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: Board of Regents, NSHE, obo University of Nevada, Reno
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-08-01 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1430328&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: PFI; BIC; Enhanced; Situational; Awareness

This Partnerships for Innovation: Building Innovation Capacity (PFI:BIC) project from the University of Nevada-Reno has as its goal the enhancement of the situational awareness capabilities of law enforcement agencies and first responders by employing unmanned autonomous systems (UAS) with high-resolution sensing and imaging capabilities for disaster remediation. Law enforcement agencies and first responders face significant challenges during an emergency event, such as a natural or anthropogenic disaster (earthquake, tsunami, fire, hurricane, tornado, flood, power or nuclear accident, act of war, or terror). One of the major challenges is acting decisively based on available information and considering human factors, making high-quality real-time situational awareness critical to effectively manage and safeguard civilians and in- field personnel. This project focuses on creating a smart emergency-response service system using UAS, both air- and ground-based systems, equipped with state-of-the-art imaging, sensing, and communication systems to provide first response teams with high-quality, real-time information to act decisively and effectively via human-machine interactions. Such a smart service system will guide/escort humans to safety, direct rescue crews to access trapped humans, and provide in-situ communication, medication, water and food, and power. The program will develop the requisite human infrastructure of graduate students in mechanical engineering, computer science and engineering, electrical engineering, and social psychology. Working together in the interdisciplinary team, students will be exposed to research outside of their respective disciplines and to innovative opportunities for entrepreneurship. A successful smart service system will impact the operations of the public safety sector, and it could be adapted by similar organizations.The project's objectives include the following: (1) develop and integrate UAS platforms, sensors, imaging and communication systems, and control and path planning algorithms to create a UAS-based smart service system for first response; (2) model the state of humans and infrastructure during a disaster, identify the scene, and create access paths to safety; (3) test prototypes and pursue commercialization opportunities; and (4) educate the public and train first responders on the technology. The translational research to create the UAS-based smart service system will focus on sensor data fusion, scene identification, modeling of the state of humans, infrastructure and their interactions as well as on the platform for testing and evaluating remediation strategies, communication schemes, and access path planning. Understanding of the system aspects will enable first responders and public safety command personnel to analyze and understand on-scene, active emergency situations through interactive, integrated data analysis and visualization; and give them the ability to sense, predict, and act in a variety of disaster scenes and human socio-psychological conditions.Partners at the inception of this project are the University of Nevada at Reno (involving faculty across four departments: mechanical engineering, computer science and engineering, electrical engineering, and social psychology); industry partners: two small businesses, Drone America and SpecTIR, companies based out of Reno, Nevada; academic partners: University of Nevada, Las Vegas; and the University of Utah as well as experts from the UNR Seismology Lab and the Washoe County as System users; and broader context partners include the newly established Nevada Advanced Autonomous Systems Innovation Center (NAASIC) at UNR, the state-supported UAS program management office, Nevada Institute for Autonomous Systems (NIAS), and the Nevada Industry Excellence (NVIE).

内华达大学雷诺分校的这一创新伙伴关系：建设创新能力(PFI：BIC)项目的目标是通过采用具有高分辨率传感和成像能力的无人自主系统(UAS)来增强执法机构和急救人员的态势感知能力。在发生自然灾害或人为灾难(地震、海啸、火灾、飓风、龙卷风、洪水、电力或核事故、战争行为或恐怖)等紧急事件期间，执法机构和急救人员面临重大挑战。主要挑战之一是根据现有信息和考虑人为因素采取果断行动，使高质量的实时态势感知对有效管理和保护平民和外地人员至关重要。该项目专注于创建一个使用UAS的智能应急服务系统，包括空中和地面系统，配备最先进的成像、传感和通信系统，为第一反应小组提供高质量的实时信息，以便通过人机交互采取果断和有效的行动。这样的智能服务系统将引导/护送人类到安全的地方，指导救援人员接近被困人员，并提供现场通信、药物、水和食物以及电力。该计划将培养机械工程、计算机科学和工程、电气工程和社会心理学研究生所需的人文基础。在跨学科团队的合作中，学生们将接触到各自学科之外的研究和创业的创新机会。一个成功的智能服务系统将影响公共安全部门的运作，它可以被类似的组织采用。该项目的目标包括：(1)开发和集成UAS平台、传感器、成像和通信系统以及控制和路径规划算法，以创建基于UAS的智能服务系统用于第一反应；(2)对灾难期间人类和基础设施的状态进行建模，识别现场，并创建通往安全的通道；(3)测试原型并寻求商业化机会；以及(4)教育公众并培训第一反应人员有关技术。创建基于UAS的智能服务系统的翻译研究将专注于传感器数据融合、场景识别、人类状态、基础设施及其交互的建模，以及用于测试和评估补救策略、通信方案和访问路径规划的平台。对系统方面的了解将使急救人员和公共安全指挥人员能够通过交互、集成的数据分析和可视化来分析和了解现场活跃的紧急情况；并使他们能够在各种灾难场景和人类社会心理状况下感知、预测和采取行动。该项目开始时的合作伙伴是内华达大学里诺分校(涉及机械工程、计算机科学和工程、电气工程和社会心理学四个系的教员)；行业合作伙伴：两家小企业，Done America和specTIR，总部设在内华达州里诺的公司；学术合作伙伴：内华达大学拉斯维加斯分校；UAS项目管理办公室、内华达自主系统研究所(NIAS)和内华达工业卓越中心(NVIE)等更广泛的合作伙伴。