Collaborative Research: Reconstructing Interactions Between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at Multiple Timescales via the Flux and Provenance of Eolian and Fluvial Supply

合作研究：通过风成和河流供给的通量和来源重建东亚季风和西风急流在多个时间尺度上的相互作用

• 批准号: 1434138
• 负责人: William McGee
• 金额: $ 21.17万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1434138&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Reconstructing; Interactions; Between

Original TitleCollaborative Research: Reconstructing Interactions Between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at Multiple Timescales via the Flux and Provenance of Eolian and Fluvial SupplyRevised TitleReconstructing interactions between the East Asian Monsoon and Westerly Jet at multiple timescales based on wind-supplied dust and fluvial inputs to continental margin sedimentsNon-Technical AbstractThis research will build robust new records of East Asian climate variability, which determines precipitation seasonality and intensity for over 20% of the world's population. The proposal seeks to determine the average state and variability of the Westerly Jet and its relationship to the East Asian Monsoon during key intervals of the last 3 million years spanning a wide range of background climates. This will yield a heretofore unrealized understanding of climatic sensitivity and behavior in this globally critical region. The researchers will examine the input of wind-blown dust and riverine material by studying their chemical and isotopic composition at several key marine locations in the Japan Sea/East Sea and East China Sea. Land-derived material is primarily delivered to the Japan Sea/East Sea by wind, reflecting Westerly Jet behavior, and to the East China Sea by the Yangtze River, reflecting precipitation intensity and distribution in interior China. Tracing changes in these inputs can be used to make inferences about the atmospheric and precipitation regimes of Asia. This project addresses the climate sensitivity and behavior of a critical part of the climate system that is of high relevance to society. In addition to integrating efforts at three participating institutions, this proposal builds on collaborations with other scientists developing complementary records of regional climate, including multiple studies reflecting East Asian summer monsoon strength. The proposed research involves 40% of the expedition's US scientific party, brings together a high number of national and international collaborators, leverages off of other funding resources (US and internationally), and directly contributes to undergraduate and graduate education at all three institutions and beyond.Technical AbstractThis proposal seeks to build robust new records of East Asian climate variability on millennial to million-year timescales through examination of chemical and isotopic tracers of terrigenous provenance and flux in the Japan Sea/East Sea and East China Sea. Terrigenous material is primarily delivered to the Japan Sea/East Sea by wind, reflecting Westerly Jet behavior, and to the East China Sea by the Yangtze River, reflecting precipitation intensity and distribution in interior China. The proposal aims to determine the mean state and variability of the Westerly Jet and its coupling with the East Asian Monsoon, with a particular focus on the Plio-Pleistocene boundary, the Mid-Pleistocene Transition, and the last ~450 ka, and will yield a heretofore unrealized understanding of climatic sensitivity and behavior in this globally critical region. Newly collected sediment cores from IODP Expedition 346 (Asian Monsoon) offer a unique opportunity to produce continuous records with millennial-scale resolution spanning millions of years. The researchers will use XRF core scanning to provide high-resolution, continuous records, and perform elemental and isotopic analyses in specific time intervals to provide detailed insights into changes in eolian and fluvial sediment sources. Integrating XRF scanning records with quantitative chemical and isotopic tracers is surprisingly uncommon. The proposed research incorporates newly developed analytical and statistical methods for identifying dispersed volcanic ash in the sediment, which will ensure that the terrigenous (erosional) signal is not combined with a volcanic signal. This project addresses climate sensitivity and behavior in key time intervals of high relevance to understanding global climate systematics. The East Asian Monsoon determines precipitation seasonality and intensity for over 20% of the world's population. The research directly addresses objectives of IODP Expedition 346, involves 40% of the expedition's US scientific party, involves a high number of national and international collaborators, leverages off of other funding resources (US and internationally), and directly contributes to undergraduate and graduate education at all three institutions and beyond.

原始的滴定质量研究：通过Eolian和Fluvial供应的磁通量和出处在多个时间尺度上重建相互作用东亚气候变异性的强大新记录决定了全球20％以上人口的降水季节性和强度。该提案旨在确定西风喷气机的平均状态和变异性及其与东亚季风的关系在过去300万年的关键间隔中，涵盖了广泛的背景气候。 这将产生对这个全球关键区域中气候灵敏度和行为的迄今未实现的理解。研究人员将通过研究日本海/东海和东中国海洋的几个关键海洋位置的化学和同位素组成来研究风吹尘和河流材料的输入。 土地衍生的材料主要通过风传递到日本海/东海，反映了西风行为，并通过长江河向东中国海洋传递，反映了中国内部的降水强度和分布。 追踪这些输入的变化可用于推断亚洲大气和降水状态。 该项目解决了与社会高度相关的气候系统的气候敏感性和行为。除了整合三个参与机构的努力外，该提案还建立在与其他科学家制定区域气候互补记录的合作基础上，包括反映东亚夏季季风实力的多项研究。 拟议的研究涉及该探险队的40％的美国科学党，汇集了大量的国家和国际合作者，利用其他资金资源（美国和国际上），并直接为所有三个机构及其他机构及其超越的本科教育做出了贡献。日本海/东海和东中国海的人源性出处和通量的示踪剂。 陆源物质主要是通过风传递到日本海/东海的，反映了西风的行为，并通过长江河向东中国海洋传递，反映了中国内部的降水强度和分布。该提案旨在确定西风喷气机及其与东亚季风的耦合的平均状态和可变性，并特别关注Plio-per-pelysene界边界，中世新世过渡和最后一个〜450 ka，并将产生对这个全球关键区域的气候敏感性和行为的未实现的理解。来自IODP Expedition 346（亚洲季风）的新收集的沉积物核心提供了一个独特的机会，可以通过数百万年的千禧一代决议来制作连续的记录。研究人员将使用XRF核心扫描来提供高分辨率，连续记录，并以特定的时间间隔进行元素和同位素分析，以详细了解Eolian和Fluvial沉积物来源的变化。 将XRF扫描记录与定量化学和同位素示踪剂整合在一起并不常见。 拟议的研究结合了新开发的分析和统计方法，用于鉴定沉积物中分散的火山灰，这将确保陆源（侵蚀）信号与火山信号没有结合。 该项目以高度相关的关键时间间隔来解决气候敏感性和行为，与了解全球气候系统学。东亚季风决定了全球20％以上人口的降水季节性和强度。 这项研究直接解决了IODP Expedition 346的目标，涉及该探险队的美国科学党的40％，涉及大量的国家和国际合作者，从其他资金资源（美国和国际上）掌握的杠杆，并直接为所有三个机构以及超越的本科教育提供了本科生和研究生教育。