Collaborative Research: Quantification of Gravity Wave Momentum Fluxes and Instability Events in the Mesosphere and Lower Thermosphere (MLT) Region at High- and Mid- Latitudes

合作研究：高、中纬度中层和低热层（MLT）区域重力波动量通量和不稳定事件的量化

• 批准号: 1449633
• 负责人: David Fritts
• 金额: $ 4万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1449633&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Quantification; Gravity; Wave

This project involves comprehensive observational studies, guided by state-of-the-art modeling, to quantify gravity wave (GW) momentum transport and the instability dynamics that drive energy and momentum deposition and GW spectral evolution in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere (MLT) region. The observations will build on recent successes by this team employing an Advanced Mesosphere Temperature Mapper (AMTM), the Weber Wind and Temperature sodium lidar, and other correlative instrumentation operated at the Arctic Lidar Observatory for Middle Atmosphere Research (ALOMAR) in northern Norway (69.3oN). These earlier correlative measurement capabilities have demonstrated an excellent potential to quantify GW momentum fluxes, and the GW characteristics that account for these fluxes, to a degree not possible with traditional airglow imagers or wind profiling radars or lidars. As such, this program represents a new frontier in the community's ability to measure, explore and understand small-scale GW and instability dynamics in the MLT that directly impact the Space-Atmospheric Interaction Region (SAIR) of prime importance to the NSF Aeronomy and CEDAR programs. These studies will continue to employ the high-quality correlative wintertime measurement capabilities at ALOMAR and will include extensive summertime Na lidar and AMTM measurement capability recently available at Bear Lake Observatory (BLO) and the nearby Utah State University (USU) campus (41.9oN). Together these two data sets will provide an excellent measure of the different geophysical forcing effects on the high- and mid-latitude MLT region. These facilities provide the best potential for multiple correlative data sets, given the on-site access to lidar operators. These proven measurement capabilities will also facilitate estimates of the spatial and temporal scales of the GW packets, accounting for mean forcing and the generation of secondary GWs, which are largely unknown at present, but are needed for understanding and parameterizing GW effects in weather, climate, and general circulation models addressing both research and societal needs. The measurements from these two stations, if successful, will provide the necessary inputs for a realistic model development.

该项目涉及在最先进的模型指导下进行全面的观测研究，以量化重力波（GW）动量传输以及驱动中间层和低热层（MLT）区域的能量和动量沉积以及重力波光谱演化的不稳定性动力学。此次观测将建立在该团队最近取得的成功基础上，该团队采用了先进中层温度测绘仪 (AMTM)、韦伯风和温度钠激光雷达以及在挪威北部 (69.3oN) 的北极中层大气研究激光雷达天文台 (ALOMAR) 运行的其他相关仪器。这些早期的相关测量能力已经证明了量化引力波动量通量以及解释这些通量的引力波特性的巨大潜力，达到了传统气辉成像仪或风廓线雷达或激光雷达无法实现的程度。因此，该计划代表了社区测量、探索和理解 MLT 中的小规模引力波和不稳定动态的能力的新前沿，这些能力直接影响对 NSF 航空学和 CEDAR 计划至关重要的空间-大气相互作用区域 (SAIR)。 这些研究将继续采用 ALOMAR 的高质量相关冬季测量能力，并将包括熊湖天文台 (BLO) 和附近的犹他州立大学 (USU) 校园 (41.9oN) 最近提供的广泛的夏季 Na 激光雷达和 AMTM 测量能力。这两个数据集将提供对高纬度和中纬度 MLT 地区不同地球物理强迫影响的良好测量。鉴于激光雷达操作员可以现场访问，这些设施为多个相关数据集提供了最佳潜力。这些经过验证的测量能力还将促进对引力波包的空间和时间尺度的估计，考虑到平均强迫和次级引力波的产生，这些目前在很大程度上是未知的，但对于理解和参数化引力波对天气、气候和大气环流模型的影响是必要的，以满足研究和社会需求。如果成功，这两个站的测量将为现实模型的开发提供必要的输入。