CAREER: Adaptive Tactile Picture Books for Blind Children during Emergent Literacy

职业：为盲童提供幼儿识字的自适应触觉图画书

• 批准号: 1453771
• 负责人: Tom Yeh
• 金额: $ 55万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Boulder
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-02-01 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1453771&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Adaptive; Tactile; Picture; Books

This research is motivated by the importance of a child's early experiences with picture books during emergent literacy, which is the period when a child gradually learns to read. Picture books connect visual literacy, cultural literacy, and print literacy, which is crucial for a child's literacy development. But only a limited number of children's books have tactile pictures accessible to blind children, and these typically cannot be modified to suit a child's particular needs. With this in mind, the PI will investigate 3D printing as the technical mechanism to physically realize a variation of an adaptive tactile picture that is optimized for a specific child and to "make" just one unique copy of it, something which is not possible with conventional printing approaches geared toward mass production of a uniform design. Achieving this vision will change the way tactile pictures are made available to visually impaired children; a parent or a teacher will be able to download a digital 3D model of a tactile picture book from a website, adapt the model for the child, 3D print the model, and read the resulting "one-of-a-kind" book together with the child. Research products will include a website for sharing 3D tactile pictures and open source tools for creating them.In this project, which integrates science, design, and engineering, the PI will exploit 3D printing to overcome the lack of adaptation in conventional one-size-fits-all tactile pictures. Specific Aim 1 will establish a new experimental framework, based on large-scale dissemination to families and video-based behavioral observations of children, for scientifically studying 3D-printed tactile pictures. Specific Aim 2 will uncover the principles to elicit preferences and abilities from a visually impaired child, and the adaptive transformations necessary to optimize the design of a tactile picture specifically for that child. Specific Aim 3 will introduce technical innovations to optimize the 3D printing of tactile pictures, to simplify 3D modeling software to empower more people to model tactile pictures, and to automate certain repetitive and laborious steps using computer vision. To achieve these goals, the PI will partner with the Anchor Center for Blind Children, the National Center on Severe and Sensory Disabilities, the Colorado Talking Book Library, and the National Braille Press, all of which are organizations with a shared interest in promoting emergent literacy development of visually impaired children. Project outcomes will advance our understanding of tactile pictures geared toward visually impaired children, and of the tactilization process for storybook pictures.

这项研究的动机是，在儿童逐渐学习阅读的过程中，儿童在新出现的识字期间早期接触图画书的重要性。图画书将视觉素养、文化素养和印刷素养联系在一起，这对儿童的识字发展至关重要。但只有有限数量的儿童书籍有盲童可以接触到的触觉图片，而且这些图片通常不能被修改以适应儿童的特殊需求。考虑到这一点，PI将研究3D打印作为一种技术机制，以物理方式实现针对特定儿童优化的自适应触觉图片的变体，并仅制作它的一个唯一副本，这是面向统一设计大规模生产的传统打印方法所不可能实现的。实现这一愿景将改变向视障儿童提供触觉图片的方式；父母或教师将能够从网站上下载触觉图画书的数字3D模型，为儿童调整模型，3D打印模型，并与孩子一起阅读由此产生的独一无二的图书。研究产品将包括一个分享3D触觉图片的网站和创建它们的开源工具。在这个整合了科学、设计和工程的项目中，PI将利用3D打印来克服传统的一刀切的触觉图片缺乏适应性。具体目标1将建立一个新的实验框架，基于对家庭的大规模传播和对儿童的基于视频的行为观察，以科学地研究3D打印的触觉图片。《特定目标2》将揭示激发视障儿童偏好和能力的原则，以及优化专为该儿童设计的触觉图片所需的适应性转换。具体目标3将引入技术创新，以优化触觉图片的3D打印，简化3D建模软件，使更多的人能够对触觉图片进行建模，并使用计算机视觉自动执行某些重复和繁琐的步骤。为了实现这些目标，国际盲人联合会将与失明儿童锚定中心、国家严重和感官障碍中心、科罗拉多州有声图书图书馆和国家盲文出版社合作，所有这些组织都对促进视障儿童的紧急识字发展有着共同的兴趣。项目成果将促进我们对面向视障儿童的触觉图片的理解，以及对故事书图片触觉过程的理解。