DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Historical Changes in Food Web Structure of Large Rivers

论文研究：大河流食物网结构的历史变化

• 批准号: 1502017
• 负责人: James Thorp
• 金额: $ 1.74万
• 依托单位: University of Kansas Center for Research Inc
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1502017&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Historical; Changes; Food

Large rivers are important for regional economies and global ecosystems. Dam construction is perhaps the most obvious human modifier of riverine ecosystems and hydrology, altering not only the physical environment but also biodiversity within the watershed. Well-functioning foodwebs are fundamental for sustaining rivers. Understanding riverine foodwebs is essential in planning for wildlife conservation, environmental protection, and floodplain management. Results of this project will serve as a model of historical analyses of foodwebs and the long-term implications of river engineering. How has river engineering over the past hundred years altered food web structure in the Mississippi and Ohio rivers? Documenting long-term changes in aquatic ecosystems is notoriously difficult. In this proposal, we will use an innovative, new, chemical analysis technique on the tissues of museum fish specimens collected over the last century, thereby providing a more accurate and precise measurement of food webs than ever before possible. From this, we will determine what changes over time and possible shifts in food webs have occurred in response to river engineering in the Mississippi and Ohio rivers.

大型河流对区域经济和全球生态系统至关重要。水坝建设也许是人类对河流生态系统和水文最明显的改变，不仅改变了自然环境，而且改变了流域内的生物多样性。功能良好的食物网是维持河流的基础。了解河流食物网对于野生动物保护、环境保护和洪泛区管理的规划至关重要。 该项目的结果将作为食物网历史分析和河流工程长期影响的模型。在过去的一百年里，河流工程是如何改变密西西比河和俄亥俄州河的食物网结构的？众所周知，记录水生生态系统的长期变化非常困难。在这项提案中，我们将使用一种创新的、新的化学分析技术，对上个世纪收集的博物馆鱼类标本的组织进行分析，从而提供比以往任何时候都更准确和精确的食物网测量。由此，我们将确定随着时间的推移发生了什么变化和可能的变化，在密西西比河和俄亥俄州河流的河流工程的食物网。