Collaborative Research: Optimized Deployment of Antarctic Surface Weather Observations

数值试验将用于检验关于南极洲地面自动气象站（AWS）观测的最佳和次最佳位置的概率预测。传感器安置是科学领域的一个普遍问题，该项目可能对观测网络的保真度和成本产生深远的影响。特别是，测量难以获得和/或昂贵的问题可以用这里测试的方法客观地优先考虑。如果成功，本研究将为客观优化增强或重新配置AWS网络提供基础，以满足气候监测（如定位新的或古气候代理记录）和天气预报目标。来自存档的南极中尺度预测系统（AMPS）的网格数据将被华盛顿大学和NCAR的研究人员使用，通过集合灵敏度理论优化现有AWS网络的空间相关长度尺度。这些最优站点布局的预测将反过来受到观测系统实验的影响，使用数据否认和重新配置方法。一个相关的调查方向是评价现行的南极无线电探空网的位置，根据该网的判断？在存档的AMPS预测温度数据中解释对流层变化的能力。探空仪测量也可以与卫星红外探测或GPS无线电掩星的验证观测相匹配。

Numerical experiments are to be used to test probabilistic predictions as to the optimal and sub-optimal siting of surface Automated Weather Station (AWS) observations in Antarctica. Sensor placement is a generic problem across the goesciences, and this project may have far-reaching impact as to fidelity and cost of observational networks. In particular, problems where measurements are difficult to obtain and/or expensive may be prioritized objectively with the approach tested here. If successful, this research provides the basis for an objectively optimized augmentation or re-configuration of the AWS network to meet climate monitoring (such as locating new or paleoclimate proxy records) and weather forecasting goals. Gridded data from (archived) Antarctic Mesoscale Prediction Systems (AMPS) will be used by University of Washington and NCAR researchers to optimize the spatial correlation length scales for the existing AWS network via ensemble sensitivity theory. These predictions of optimal station placement will in turn be subject to observing systems experiments, using both data denial and reconfiguration approaches.A related line of enquiry is to be an evaluation of the current locations of the active Antarctic radiosonde network, as judged by the network?s ability to account for tropospheric variance in archived AMPS forecast temperature data. Sonde measurements also may collocate with validation observations from infrared soundings from satellites, or GPS radio occultation.