COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: Chlorine Activation in Biomass Burning Plumes

合作研究：生物质燃烧羽流中的氯活化

• 批准号: 1551981
• 负责人: Joel Thornton
• 金额: $ 37.87万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-02-01 至 2020-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1551981&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; Chlorine; Activation; Biomass

This project is a collaborative effort to investigate the emissions of particulate chloride from biomass burning and the implications of these emissions on the formation of atmospheric ozone and small particles. The effort combines the facilities and expertise of atmospheric chemists at Carnegie-Mellon University (CMU) and University of Washington (UW) for the purpose of conducting a detailed set of laboratory experiments in a large smog chamber reactor in CMU's combustion facility. The chamber will be filled with smoke from the open combustion of globally relevant chloride emitting biomass fuels such as various types of grasses (e.g. Sawgrass, Wiregrass, Rice straw), and Palmetto (small palm species). Changes in the concentrations of gas-phase reactants and products will be determined in real-time using UW's state-of-the-art chemical measurement instrumentation. The investigators will apply kinetic box models to derive the combination of parameters that give the best measurement-model agreement for the development of parameters that can be used in regional and global models.Particulate chloride undergoes efficient reactions with nitrogen oxide gases, releasing nitryl chloride (ClNO2) in the gas phase. The presence of ClNO2 can significantly perturb the troposphere's oxidant budget, the cycling of chlorine (ClOx), hydrogen (HOx), and NOx radicals, the oxidation of organic compounds and associated organic aerosol formation, and ground-level ozone levels. This project will be the first laboratory study to investigate the formation and yield of ClNO2 from dinitrogen pentoxide (N2O5), reacting with chloride in particle systems representative of biomass burning aerosols.

该项目是一项合作努力，旨在调查生物质燃烧产生的氯化物颗粒排放以及这些排放对大气臭氧和小颗粒形成的影响。 这项工作结合了卡内基-梅隆大学（CMU）和华盛顿大学（UW）大气化学家的设施和专业知识，目的是在CMU燃烧设施的大型烟雾室反应器中进行一系列详细的实验室实验。 该室将充满来自全球相关的氯化物排放生物质燃料的开放式燃烧的烟雾，例如各种类型的草（例如，锯草、线草、稻草）和棕榈（小棕榈物种）。 气相反应物和产物浓度的变化将使用UW最先进的化学测量仪器实时测定。 研究人员将应用动力学箱模型来推导参数的组合，这些参数为区域和全球模型中使用的参数的开发提供最佳的测量模型一致性。颗粒氯化物与氮氧化物气体发生有效反应，释放出气相中的硝基氯（ClNO 2）。 ClNO 2的存在可以显著干扰对流层的氧化剂收支，氯（ClOx），氢（HOx）和NOx自由基的循环，有机化合物的氧化和相关的有机气溶胶形成，以及地面臭氧水平。 该项目将是第一个实验室研究，以调查从五氧化二氮（N2 O 5）的ClNO 2的形成和产量，与代表生物质燃烧气溶胶的颗粒系统中的氯化物反应。