The Fate of Acyl Peroxy Nitrates During Long-Range Pollution Transport and Atmosphere-Forest Interactions

酰基过氧硝酸盐在远距离污染传输和大气-森林相互作用中的命运

• 批准号: 0633897
• 负责人: Joel Thornton
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-01-01 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0633897&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Fate; Acyl; Peroxy; Nitrates; During

This project will focus on making and interpreting sensitive, high time resolution, in situ observations of acyl peroxy nitrates, an important class of organic nitrogen oxide reservoirs. Nitrogen oxides affect the abundance of ozone, which is a pollutant, a greenhouse gas, and a regulator of atmospheric oxidation. In this work, a custom-built chemical ionization mass spectrometer will be deployed in Blodgett Forest as part of a collaborative field campaign in a western Sierra Nevada ponderosa pine forest, to measure mixing ratios and fluxes of specific acyl peroxy nitrates. The abundance and partitioning of reactive nitrogen alters organic oxidation pathways and impacts secondary organic aerosol growth. The deposition of atmospheric nitrogen affects carbon storage in ecosystems, and therefore their response to increasing CO2 levels. Acyl peroxy nitrate deposition may represent an important ecosystem nitrogen source. Observations recently obtained with this instrument at a free tropospheric mountain observatory (Mt. Bachelor, Oregon) will also be analyzed to assess the importance of these nitrogen oxide reservoirs in pollution plumes transported from Asia to the northwestern United States. The overriding goal is to develop a detailed understanding of the fate of acyl peroxy nitrates in a range of environments and of the influence of local and regional processes on their global abundance. The broader scientific impact of this research will be an improved ability to predict future changes in air quality and climate, in which the chemistry of nitrogen oxides plays a fundamental role. Doctoral and undergraduate students will be trained in a range of analytical techniques and scientific analyses related to the field deployment of a state-of-the-art mass spectrometer and interpretation of the resulting data.

该项目将侧重于制作和解释敏感的，高时间分辨率的酰基过氧硝酸盐，一类重要的有机氮氧化物油藏的原位观测。 氮氧化物影响臭氧的丰度，臭氧是一种污染物，一种温室气体，也是大气氧化的调节剂。 在这项工作中，一个定制的化学电离质谱仪将部署在Blodgett森林的一部分，在西部塞拉利昂内华达州黄松森林的合作现场活动，以测量混合比和特定的酰基过氧硝酸盐的通量。 活性氮的丰度和分配改变了有机氧化途径，并影响二次有机气溶胶的生长。 大气氮的沉积影响生态系统中的碳储存，从而影响其对CO2水平增加的反应。 酰基过氧硝酸盐沉积可能是一个重要的生态系统氮源。 最近在一个自由对流层山区观测站（Mt.学士，俄勒冈州）也将进行分析，以评估这些氮氧化物水库在从亚洲输送到美国西北部的污染羽流中的重要性。 首要目标是详细了解酰基过氧硝酸盐在一系列环境中的命运，以及当地和区域过程对其全球丰度的影响。这项研究的更广泛的科学影响将是提高预测空气质量和气候未来变化的能力，其中氮氧化物的化学性质起着根本性的作用。 博士生和本科生将接受与现场部署最先进的质谱仪和解释所得数据有关的一系列分析技术和科学分析的培训。