SusChEM: Hybrid and Double Network Solid Polymer Electrolytes

SusChEM：混合和双网络固体聚合物电解质

• 批准号: 1603520
• 负责人: Christopher Li
• 金额: $ 32.52万
• 依托单位: Drexel University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-15 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1603520&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChEM; Hybrid; Double; Network; Solid

Rechargeable lithium ion batteries support the development of sustainable energy systems by storing electricity generated by renewable resources such as wind and solar energy, or by powering zero-emission electric vehicles charged by electricity from renewable resources. Lithium ion batteries that use lithium metal as the anode have much higher energy storage capacity than conventional carbon anodes. A fundamental reliability issue with experimental lithium ion batteries that use lithium metal electrodes is the formation of lithium metal whiskers within the battery during recharging, which ultimately shorts out the battery, creating a potential fire hazard and reducing battery life. This project will develop new solid polymer electrolytes to address this problem. The key innovation is that a hybrid mixture of organic and silicon- based polymer materials will be developed to impede lithium metal whisker formation while providing high conductivity for movement of lithium metal ions across the battery. The educational activities associated with this project include new modules for a polymer science course at Drexel University that focus on polymer materials for sustainable energy applications, and hands-on outreach on battery topics to high school students from diverse backgrounds in the Philadelphia area, coordinated through The Summer Engineering Experience @ Drexel program.Rechargeable lithium ion batteries that use lithium metal as the anode have much higher electrochemical energy storage capacity than carbon-based anodes currently in use. However, imperfections on the metal surface serve as nucleation sites for the deposition of lithium metal dendrites. These microscopic projections grow upon repeated cycling and ultimately pierce the separator, touch the cathode, and short out the device. The goal of this research is to develop a new class of cross-linked hybrid network of solid polymer electrolytes with inorganic polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane as the cross-linker, and polyethylene glycol as the lithium ion solvating polymer. The hypothesis is that the hybrid network structure of two intertwined crosslinked polymers will resist dendrite growth and provide both high mechanical strength and lithium ion conductivity. The research plan will design, synthesize and test a series of solid polymer electrolyte network structures through four objectives. The first objective is to understand the fundamental mechanisms of lithium dendrite growth within solid polymer electrolyte hybrid networks. The second objective is to improve the lithium dendrite resistance of the hybrid network by introducing a series of double network structures. The third objective is to correlate the electrochemical performance to the nanostructure and morphology of the hybrid network, and the fourth objective is to fabricate and test the stability and performance of lithium metal batteries which contain the solid polymer electrolyte polymer networks. The fabrication will be made compatible with scalable roll-to-roll battery manufacturing processes.

可充电锂离子电池通过存储风能和太阳能等可再生资源产生的电力，或通过为零排放电动汽车提供动力，支持可持续能源系统的发展。 使用锂金属作为阳极的锂离子电池具有比常规碳阳极高得多的能量存储容量。 使用锂金属电极的实验性锂离子电池的基本可靠性问题是在再充电期间在电池内形成锂金属晶须，这最终使电池短路，产生潜在的火灾危险并缩短电池寿命。 该项目将开发新的固体聚合物电解质来解决这个问题。关键的创新在于，将开发有机和硅基聚合物材料的混合混合物，以阻止锂金属晶须的形成，同时为锂金属离子在电池中的移动提供高导电性。 与该项目相关的教育活动包括德雷克塞尔大学聚合物科学课程的新模块，重点是可持续能源应用的聚合物材料，以及费城地区不同背景的高中生关于电池主题的实践推广，通过夏季工程经验@协调使用锂金属作为阳极的可再充电锂离子电池具有比目前使用的碳基阳极高得多的电化学能量存储容量。 然而，金属表面上的缺陷用作锂金属枝晶沉积的成核位点。 这些微观突起在重复循环时生长，并最终刺穿隔膜，接触阴极，并使装置短路。 本研究的目的是开发一种新型的交联杂化网络的固体聚合物电解质与无机多面体低聚倍半硅氧烷作为交联剂，和聚乙二醇作为锂离子溶剂化聚合物。 假设是两种交织的交联聚合物的混合网络结构将抵抗枝晶生长并提供高机械强度和锂离子传导性。 本研究计划将透过四个目标，设计、合成及测试一系列固体高分子电解质网络结构。 第一个目标是了解固体聚合物电解质混合网络中锂枝晶生长的基本机制。 第二个目标是通过引入一系列双网结构来提高混合网络的锂枝晶电阻。 第三个目的是将电化学性能与混合网络的纳米结构和形态相关联，第四个目的是制造和测试含有固体聚合物电解质聚合物网络的锂金属电池的稳定性和性能。 该制造将与可扩展的卷对卷电池制造工艺兼容。