INFEWS N/P/H2O: SusChEM: New Molecular Receptors to Complete the Loop on Nitrogen/Phosphorus Fertilizer Use and Detection

INFEWS N/P/H2O：SusChEM：新分子受体完成氮/磷肥料使用和检测的循环

• 批准号: 1607214
• 负责人: Michael Haley
• 金额: $ 63万
• 依托单位: University of Oregon Eugene
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1607214&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: INFEWS; H2O; SusChEM; New; Molecular

Nitrogen and phosphorus compounds are the main ingredients of fertilizers used to increase crop yields on farms. While nitrogen and phosphorus are helpful plant nutrients in low dosage, excess fertilizer can cause environmental problems when the same compounds are washed by rainwater from the soil into streams and rivers. There is a pressing need to develop sensors able to measure, in real-time, accurate concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus concentrations. These measurement inform decisions on fertilizer management in agriculture and wastewater treatment. Such measurements can be used to maximize fertilizer benefits while minimizing environmental impacts. With the support of the Macromolecular, Supramolecular and Nanochemistry Program of the NSF Chemistry Division, Professors Michael Haley and Darren Johnson, and their students at the University of Oregon are designing improved sensors for fertilizer management and environmental protection. This project provides interdisciplinary training to graduate and undergraduate researchers. The broader impacts of this project also include industrial internships of graduate students at local and regional companies and continued involvement of undergraduates in chemical research via programs that promote participation of underrepresented groups. This fundamental research aims to design and synthesize molecular probes that are selective for environmentally relevant components of fertilizers. The long-term goal is to produce molecular receptors with improved precision and accuracy for the agriculture industry. The researchers design and synthesize two new families of molecular receptors for binding and sensing important anions such as nitrite and dihydrogen phosphate. The first family is based on aryl-acetylene scaffolding and the second is based on the facile synthesis of highly fluorescent phosphaquinolin-2-ones. This research employs a combination of methods (including calorimetric, NMR, and spectrophotometric titrations) to determine the binding properties of the supramolecular receptors and to gain a better understanding of how structural changes influence their binding affinity, selectivity, and optoelectronic properties. In addition, the team develops high throughput assays to efficiently identify receptors for nutrient sensing. The studies provide the researchers with broad experience in organic synthesis, physical organic chemistry, computational chemistry, x-ray crystallography, and the interplay between electronic structure and molecular architecture. Industrial internships at local and regional companies are available for graduate students. Undergraduate chemical research opportunities promote participation of underrepresented groups.

氮和磷化合物是用于提高农场作物产量的化肥的主要成分。虽然氮和磷在低剂量下是有益的植物营养物质，但当雨水将相同的化合物从土壤中冲刷到溪流和河流中时，过量的化肥可能会导致环境问题。迫切需要开发能够实时、准确地测量氮和磷浓度的传感器。这些测量为农业和废水处理中的化肥管理提供决策依据。这种措施可以用来最大限度地增加肥料效益，同时最大限度地减少对环境的影响。在美国国家科学基金会化学部高分子、超分子和纳米化学项目的支持下，俄勒冈大学的Michael Haley教授和Darren Johnson教授以及他们的学生正在设计用于肥料管理和环境保护的改进传感器。该项目为研究生和本科生研究人员提供跨学科培训。该项目的更广泛影响还包括研究生在当地和地区公司的工业实习，以及本科生通过促进代表性不足群体参与的计划继续参与化学研究。这项基础研究旨在设计和合成对化肥中与环境相关的成分具有选择性的分子探针。长期目标是为农业生产精密度和准确度更高的分子受体。研究人员设计并合成了两个新的分子受体家族，用于结合和传感重要的阴离子，如亚硝酸盐和磷酸二氢。第一个家族是基于芳基-乙炔支架，第二个家族是基于高荧光的磷喹啉-2-酮的简单合成。本研究采用多种方法(包括量热、核磁共振和分光光度滴定)来确定超分子受体的结合性质，并更好地了解结构变化如何影响它们的结合亲和力、选择性和光电性质。此外，该团队还开发了高通量分析方法，以有效地识别营养感应的受体。这些研究为研究人员在有机合成、物理有机化学、计算化学、X射线结晶学以及电子结构和分子结构之间的相互作用方面提供了广泛的经验。研究生可以在当地和地区性公司进行工业实习。本科生的化学研究机会促进了代表不足的群体的参与。