Developing a Small-Molecule Immunoassay

开发小分子免疫分析

• 批准号: 1608550
• 负责人: John Conboy
• 金额: $ 45.13万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1608550&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Developing; Small; Molecule; Immunoassay

With support from the Chemical Measurement and Imaging Program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Conboy at the University of Utah is developing new analytical methods for small-molecule (low molecular weight substances) detection and quantification. Antibodies, with their chemical specificity and high affinity are exceptionally suited for bio-specific detection and quantification. However, utilizing antibodies for the direct label-free detection of low molecular weight substances is a major technical challenge. Professor Conboy is using nonlinear optical methods to develop a highly sensitive small-molecule immunoassay, providing a reliable, label-free method for detecting and quantifying low molecular weight substances. The research outcome is to provide a set of new highly sensitive analytical tools for the purpose of detection of illicit substances and hazardous substances screening. Integrated within the research objectives is the education of both graduate and undergraduate students in analytical/bioanalytical chemistry, which is of great National importance in maintaining the strength of the US economy and the competitive edge of US biotechnology industries. Professor Conboy is also involved in hands on demonstrations, science fair activities and assistance with setting up dedicated teaching space for science experiments at local primary schools in the Salt Lake valley with the goal of exposing primary grade students to the wonders of the chemical world and to promote teacher training and introducing young people to the potentials of science.The scientific goal of the proposed studies is to implement second-harmonic correlation spectroscopy (SHCS) for rapid single point calibration and utilize the high-throughput capabilities of second harmonic imaging (SHI) for screening and quantification. These complimentary techniques, SHCS and SHI have many inherent advantages over existing approaches. SHCS has the intrinsic advantage that calibration (binding affinity data) can be obtained from a single concentration of the analyte to derive the Kd (or Ka) in a fraction of the time required by a conventional thermodynamic equilibrium binding isotherm measurement, with the added benefit of acquiring both the association and dissociation rates. SHI has the advantage of high-throughput measurement by utilizing antibody capture arrays. Both methods are also biologically versatile and capable of detecting any molecule containing conjugated structures, including virtually all biomolecules targeted in current assays. Together these methods represent a unique analytical approach that does not compromise sensitivity and speed yet provides a novel, cost effective, and flexible immunoassay format.

在化学系化学测量和成像项目的支持下，犹他州大学的Conboy教授正在开发用于小分子（低分子量物质）检测和定量的新分析方法。具有化学特异性和高亲和力的抗体特别适合于生物特异性检测和定量。然而，利用抗体直接无标记检测低分子量物质是一个主要的技术挑战。 Conboy教授正在使用非线性光学方法开发一种高灵敏度的小分子免疫测定法，为检测和定量低分子量物质提供可靠的无标记方法。该研究成果为非法物质的检测和有害物质的筛选提供了一套新的高灵敏度的分析工具。在研究目标的整合是研究生和本科生在分析/生物分析化学，这是在保持美国经济的实力和美国生物技术产业的竞争优势非常重要的国家教育。 康博伊教授还参与了实际示威活动，科学博览会活动，并协助在盐湖山谷的当地小学建立专门的科学实验教学空间，目的是让小学生接触化学世界的奇迹，促进教师培训，向年轻人介绍科学的潜力。拟议研究的科学目标是实施第二个-谐波相关光谱（SHCS）用于快速单点校准，并利用二次谐波成像（SHI）的高通量功能进行筛选和定量。这些互补的技术，SHCS和SHI具有许多固有的优势，现有的方法。 SHCS具有固有的优点，即可以从分析物的单一浓度获得校准（结合亲和力数据），以在常规热力学平衡结合等温线测量所需的一小部分时间内导出Kd（或Ka），并具有获得缔合和解离速率的额外益处。SHI通过利用抗体捕获阵列具有高通量测量的优点。 这两种方法在生物学上也是通用的，并且能够检测含有缀合结构的任何分子，包括目前测定中靶向的几乎所有生物分子。这些方法共同代表了一种独特的分析方法，该方法不损害灵敏度和速度，还提供了一种新颖的、具有成本效益的和灵活的免疫测定形式。