Developing a Small-Molecule Immunoassay

开发小分子免疫分析

• 批准号: 1608550
• 负责人: John Conboy
• 金额: $ 45.13万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1608550&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Developing; Small; Molecule; Immunoassay

With support from the Chemical Measurement and Imaging Program in the Division of Chemistry, Professor Conboy at the University of Utah is developing new analytical methods for small-molecule (low molecular weight substances) detection and quantification. Antibodies, with their chemical specificity and high affinity are exceptionally suited for bio-specific detection and quantification. However, utilizing antibodies for the direct label-free detection of low molecular weight substances is a major technical challenge. Professor Conboy is using nonlinear optical methods to develop a highly sensitive small-molecule immunoassay, providing a reliable, label-free method for detecting and quantifying low molecular weight substances. The research outcome is to provide a set of new highly sensitive analytical tools for the purpose of detection of illicit substances and hazardous substances screening. Integrated within the research objectives is the education of both graduate and undergraduate students in analytical/bioanalytical chemistry, which is of great National importance in maintaining the strength of the US economy and the competitive edge of US biotechnology industries. Professor Conboy is also involved in hands on demonstrations, science fair activities and assistance with setting up dedicated teaching space for science experiments at local primary schools in the Salt Lake valley with the goal of exposing primary grade students to the wonders of the chemical world and to promote teacher training and introducing young people to the potentials of science.The scientific goal of the proposed studies is to implement second-harmonic correlation spectroscopy (SHCS) for rapid single point calibration and utilize the high-throughput capabilities of second harmonic imaging (SHI) for screening and quantification. These complimentary techniques, SHCS and SHI have many inherent advantages over existing approaches. SHCS has the intrinsic advantage that calibration (binding affinity data) can be obtained from a single concentration of the analyte to derive the Kd (or Ka) in a fraction of the time required by a conventional thermodynamic equilibrium binding isotherm measurement, with the added benefit of acquiring both the association and dissociation rates. SHI has the advantage of high-throughput measurement by utilizing antibody capture arrays. Both methods are also biologically versatile and capable of detecting any molecule containing conjugated structures, including virtually all biomolecules targeted in current assays. Together these methods represent a unique analytical approach that does not compromise sensitivity and speed yet provides a novel, cost effective, and flexible immunoassay format.

在化学系化学测量和成像项目的支持下，犹他大学的 Conboy 教授正在开发用于小分子（低分子量物质）检测和定量的新分析方法。抗体具有化学特异性和高亲和力，特别适合生物特异性检测和定量。然而，利用抗体直接无标记检测低分子量物质是一个重大的技术挑战。 Conboy教授正在利用非线性光学方法开发一种高灵敏度的小分子免疫测定法，为检测和定量低分子量物质提供可靠的、无标记的方法。研究成果是为非法物质检测和有害物质筛查提供一套新的高灵敏度分析工具。研究目标中还包括对研究生和本科生进行分析/生物分析化学教育，这对于维持美国经济实力和美国生物技术行业的竞争优势具有重要的国家重要性。 Conboy教授还参与了实践演示、科学博览会活动，并协助在盐湖谷当地小学建立专门的科学实验教学空间，目的是让小学生接触化学世界的奇迹，促进教师培训并向年轻人介绍科学的潜力。拟议研究的科学目标是实施二次谐波相关光谱（SHCS）进行快速单点校准并利用 用于筛选和定量的二次谐波成像 (SHI) 的高通量能力。 SHCS 和 SHI 这些互补技术比现有方法具有许多固有的优势。 SHCS 具有固有的优势，即可以从单一浓度的分析物中获得校准（结合亲和力数据），从而在传统热力学平衡结合等温线测量所需时间的一小部分时间内获得 Kd（或 Ka），并具有获取缔合速率和解离速率的额外好处。 SHI 具有利用抗体捕获阵列进行高通量测量的优势。 这两种方法在生物学上也是通用的，能够检测任何含有缀合结构的分子，包括当前检测中几乎所有目标生物分子。这些方法共同代表了一种独特的分析方法，既不影响灵敏度和速度，又提供了一种新颖、经济高效且灵活的免疫测定形式。