Microgrid Interconnections Control via Voltage Angle Droop Methods

通过电压角下垂方法进行微电网互连控制

• 批准号: 1611301
• 负责人: Le Xie
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M Engineering Experiment Station
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1611301&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Microgrid; Interconnections; Control; via; Voltage

This project proposes a novel system configuration for a future distribution grid in which multiple microgrids are coupled through distribution lines and present themselves as individual controllable entities. Built upon the innovations on sensors (micro-synchrophasors) and actuators (power electronic interfaces), we envision a future distribution grid to be comprised of many microgrid clusters, each interfacing through points of common coupling with little or no inertia. It is anticipated that the results of this project will help many communities (such as rural and developing regions) to leapfrog the century-old distribution grid through an envisioned clean slate approach to integrating a much deeper level of renewable resources at a much higher level of reliability. The project will provide a fresh perspective on inspiring students to engineer a qualitatively different electricity delivery system that is tailored for the paradigm shift in both sensing and control technologies. Housed at one of the largest university power/energy programs in the U.S., this team will introduce new course modules on the topic of the future distribution grid, which closely integrates power electronics and power systems background knowledge for more than 200 undergraduate and graduate students currently enrolled in power courses at Texas A&M. This team will continue a strong track record of engaging undergraduate students for research, in particular underrepresented groups. The prototype and simulation visualization will be presented at the annual "Discover ECE" event, which attracts more than 300 high school students and parents annually. The scientific objective of this project is to investigate novel power electronic interfaces, as well as the control of microgrid clusters for ensuring dynamic security at the distribution grid level. The project will address the following questions: a) how should an all-DC or AC microgrid interact with distribution systems through an appropriately designed power electronics interface; and b) what would be a control architecture that leverages advances from power electronics and sensors, and achieves provable dynamical performance. This project puts forward a truly interdisciplinary research agenda to leverage power electronics and control for advancing the distribution grid sciences. The cross-fertilization of power systems and power electronics will provide fresh perspectives for the future distribution grid. The intellectual merit of this project is four fold. First, the research team will investigate the possibility of guaranteeing distribution system-level transient stability via distributed droop management. This difficult problem will draw upon the structure of the closed-loop microgrid module dynamics, which, in turn, lends the distribution grid transient model as a Lur'e system with time invariant sector bounded memoryless nonlinearities. Second, the project will introduce a multiple points of common coupling (PCC) control of a microgrid when it has multiple connections with distribution systems. This will allow for decomposing an MW-level inverter into multiple lower rating inverters with much lower cost and increase in reliability. Third, for the case of DC microgrids with MWs of capacity, a closed loop iterative process of adjusting the output voltage and phase angle for voltage source inverters with finite LC output filter impedance will be will introduced and tested. Fourth, for the case of AC microgrids, an optimal power electronic transformer topology (with fault tolerant features) will be developed to achieve the wide range of voltage magnitude and angle adjustments at fast response as required by the microgrid angle droop dynamic control approach enabled by modern micro-synchrophasors. Prior art methods for voltage/angle adjustment are both slow in response and limited in range, rendering them unsuitable for the proposed control architecture.

该项目提出了一种新的系统配置，用于未来的配电网，其中多个微电网通过配电线路耦合，并作为单独的可控实体。基于传感器（微同步相量）和执行器（电力电子接口）的创新，我们设想未来的配电网将由许多微电网集群组成，每个微电网集群通过共同的耦合点连接，几乎没有或没有惯性。预计该项目的成果将帮助许多社区（如农村和发展中地区）通过设想的全新方法跨越百年历史的配电网，以更高的可靠性整合更深层次的可再生资源。该项目将提供一个新的视角，激励学生设计一个质量不同的电力输送系统，该系统专为传感和控制技术的范式转变而量身定制。位于美国最大的大学电力/能源项目之一，该小组将介绍有关未来配电网主题的新课程模块，该模块将电力电子和电力系统背景知识紧密结合，目前在德克萨斯州A M大学就读电力课程的200多名本科生和研究生将学习这些知识。该团队将继续保持吸引本科生参与研究的良好记录，特别是代表性不足的群体。原型和模拟可视化将在每年的“发现ECE”活动中展示，该活动每年吸引300多名高中生和家长。该项目的科学目标是研究新型电力电子接口，以及微电网集群的控制，以确保配电网级别的动态安全。该项目将解决以下问题：a）全直流或交流微电网应如何通过适当设计的电力电子接口与配电系统交互;以及B）利用电力电子和传感器的进步并实现可证明的动态性能的控制架构是什么。该项目提出了一个真正的跨学科研究议程，以利用电力电子和控制来推进配电网科学。电力系统和电力电子技术的交叉融合将为未来的配电网提供新的前景。这个项目的智力价值有四个方面。首先，研究小组将调查通过分布式下垂管理保证配电系统级暂态稳定的可能性。这个难题将利用闭环微电网模块动力学的结构，这反过来又将配电网瞬态模型作为具有时不变扇区有界无记忆非线性的Lur 'e系统。其次，该项目将引入一个微电网的多点公共耦合（PCC）控制，当它与配电系统有多个连接。这将允许将MW级逆变器分解为多个较低额定值的逆变器，具有低得多的成本和可靠性的增加。第三，对于具有MW容量的DC微电网的情况，将引入并测试调节具有有限LC输出滤波器阻抗的电压源逆变器的输出电压和相位角的闭环迭代过程。第四，对于AC微电网的情况，将开发最佳电力电子Transformer拓扑（具有容错特征），以实现快速响应的宽范围的电压幅值和角度调整，如由现代微同步相量器实现的微电网角度下垂动态控制方法所要求的。用于电压/角度调整的现有技术方法响应缓慢且范围有限，使得它们不适合于所提出的控制架构。