EAPSI: Parameterizing the Two Phase Nature of Platelet Ice for use in Numerical Models that Simulate Sea Ice, Ice Shelves, and Icy Moons

海冰、冰架和冰卫星的演变对于了解极地地区如何影响地球至关重要。的气候和海洋动力学，并解开冰卫星的演变和潜在的可居住性。对这些实体建模的一个困难是浮冰和底层海洋之间的复杂界面。血小板冰的特征是在冰架下形成的冰碎片漂浮到这个界面，形成固相和液相的浆液，需要复杂的物理学来准确描述其演变。血小板冰研究领域还很年轻，虽然它开始被纳入海冰模型，但没有冰架或冰卫星模型包括这种现象。位于惠灵顿的国家水和大气研究所的研究员娜塔莉罗宾逊博士是血小板冰研究的前沿人物。这个合作项目将利用罗宾逊博士？本计画将利用他对冰的形成与特性的广泛知识，将累积冰的物理特性整合到现有的多相模式中，以模拟冰架与冰卫星;产生第一个包含这些动力学的模式。血小板冰的形成和特性的额外参数化将加强该模型准确模拟各种陆地和地外环境的基本过程的能力。主要增加的内容将是血小板增生发生的倾向和基于当地海洋参数的累积血小板层的孔隙度。与罗宾逊博士的合作将使血小板层特征的经验观测能够快速纳入冰-海洋界面的数值模型，该模型将用于纳入气候，海洋和冰冷的月球系统模型。东亚和太平洋夏季研究所计划下的该奖项支持美国研究生的夏季研究，由NSF和新西兰皇家学会共同资助。

The evolution of sea ice, ice shelves, and icy moons is crucial to understanding how polar regions affect Earth?s climate and ocean dynamics, and unraveling the evolution and potential habitability of icy moons. One difficulty in modeling these entities is the complex interface between the floating ice and the underlying ocean. Platelet ice is characterized by shards of ice forming below ice shelves that float up to this interface creating a slurry of both solid and liquid phases, necessitating complex physics to accurately describe its evolution. The field of platelet ice research is young, and while it is beginning to be incorporated into models of sea ice, no models of ice shelves or icy moons include the phenomenon. Dr. Natalie Robinson, a researcher for the National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research in Wellington, is at the forefront of platelet ice research. This collaborative project will utilize Dr. Robinson?s extensive knowledge of platelet ice formation and properties to incorporate the physics of accumulating platelet ice into an existing multiphase model used to simulate ice shelves and icy moons; producing the first model that includes these dynamics.This project will modify an existing finite difference model used to simulate the two-phase nature of floating ice by incorporating the physics of mushy layer theory. The additional parameterization of the platelet ice formation and characteristics will strengthen this models ability to accurately simulate the basal processes of a variety of terrestrial and extraterrestrial environments. The main additions will be the propensity for platelet accretion to occur and the porosity of an accumulated platelet layer based on local ocean parameters. Collaboration with Dr. Robinson will allow for empirical observations of platelet layer characteristics to be quickly incorporated into a numerical model of ice-ocean interfaces that is primed for incorporation into climate, ocean, and icy moon systems models.This award under the East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes program supports summer research by a U.S. graduate student and is jointly funded by NSF and the Royal Society of New Zealand.