SBE-RCUK: The Effects of Non-peripheralization of Affordable Urban Housing

该奖项支持的研究将通过检验住房对经济、政治和社会生活的影响的假设，扩大对位于市中心的经济适用房的社会影响的科学理解。最近的一项发展是将新住房放在位于市中心的城市社区，而不是像过去经常出现的那样，将更多的外围社区。新的方法包括一系列模式，包括国家规划的项目、自我管理的国家补贴合作社、国家补贴的租赁，以及非正式的重新用途建筑的接管。这项研究将利用一个单一的城市中心，在那里所有这些方法都在尝试，这提供了一个自然的实验来调查一系列关于建筑环境、社会组织和社会流动性之间的关系的社会科学问题。例如，不同模式的保障性住房项目如何影响就业和经济流动性？不同的项目如何影响亲属关系、性别关系和邻里社交？它们如何影响公民参与和城市参与？为了回答这些问题，一个由人类学家John S.Burdick博士(锡拉丘兹大学)、地理学家Jeff Garany博士(伦敦国王学院)、人类学家Rolf Ribeiro de Souza博士和Michelle Lima Domingues博士(巴西弗卢米嫩塞联邦大学)以及城市规划师Luciana Correa do Lago博士(巴西里约热内卢联邦大学)组成的跨学科国际团队将在巴西里约热内卢市中心的港口地区进行研究。这个地点适合进行研究，因为它是五种明显不同的新经济适用房模型的所在地，所有这些模型都位于非常接近的位置。其中包括由实行参与式治理的住房组织管理的合作社；由不实行参与式治理的住房组织管理的合作社；由联邦住房管理局管理的建筑；租金管制公寓；以及入侵者安置点，家庭在其中建立了一个独立的组织。研究人员将使用一系列社会科学方法来收集数据：对不同住房项目的日常运作进行密集的参与者观察；对项目居民进行深入采访，定期重复以记录变化；采访城市规划者和官员；与当地城市规划和建筑专家举行信息会议；以及对与住房相关的文件和媒体进行文本分析。由于住房项目和中心城区在世界各地都是相似的，这些问题的答案将是普遍的，不仅对关注住房组织和建成环境的社会影响的学者感兴趣，而且对各地的政策制定者和城市规划者也是如此。该项目还将为研究生和博士后学者提供培训。该奖项是根据SBE-RCUK牵头代理协议颁发的。

The research supported by this award will enlarge scientific understanding of the social effects of centrally-located affordable urban housing, by testing hypotheses about the impact of housing on economic, political and social life. One recent development to place new housing in centrally-located urban neighborhoods rather than more peripheral ones as often was the case in the past. The new approach encompasses an array of models, including state-planned projects, self-managed state-subsidized cooperatives, state-subsidized rentals, and informal take-overs of repurposed buildings. This research will take advantage of a single city center where all of these approaches are being tried, which provides a natural experiment to investigate a range of social science questions about the relationships between the built environment, social organization, and social mobility. For example, how do differently-modelled affordable housing projects affect employment and economic mobility? How do different projects affect kinshhip, gender relations, and neighborhood sociality? How do they affect civic engagement and urban paricipation? To answer such questions, an interdisciplinary and international team comprised of anthropologist Dr. John S. Burdick (Syracuse University), geographer Dr. Jeff Garmany (King's College London), anthropologists Dr. Rolf Ribeiro de Souza and Dr. Michelle Lima Domingues (Fluminense Federal University, Brazil), and urban planner Dr. Luciana Correa do Lago (Rio de Janeiro Federal University, Brazil) will undertake research in the downtown port district of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. This site is appropriate for the research because it is home to five clearly distinct models of new affordable housing, all located in close proximity to each other. These include a cooperative administered by a housing organization that practices participatory governance; a cooperative administered by a housing organization that does not practice participatory governance; a building run by the federal housing authority; rent-controlled apartments; and an invader settlement in which families have established an independent organization. The researchers will employ a range of social science methods to collect data: intensive participant observation in the everyday functioning of the different housing projects; in-depth interviews with project residents, repeated at intervals to record change; interviews with urban planners and officials; information sessions with a local expert in urban planning and architecture; and text analysis of housing-related documents and media. Because housing projects and central urban districts are similar throughout the world, answers to these questions will be generalizable and of interest not only to scholars interested in the social effects of housing organization and the built environment, but also to policymakers and urban planners everywhere. The project also will provide training for graduate students and for a postdoctoral scholar. This award is made under the SBE-RCUK Lead Agency Agreement.