The Role of Residence Location in the Establishment of Community Identity

居住地点在社区认同建立中的作用

• 批准号: 1632273
• 负责人: Sissel Schroeder
• 金额: $ 7.22万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2019-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1632273&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Role; Residence; Location; Establishment; Community

This research project addresses the question of how communities adapt to accommodate new migrants. Migration happens at a range of spatial scales, may involve temporary or permanent relocation, occurs in multiple directions, and is undertaken for a variety of reasons that involve pull factors, such as the promise of abundant resources or religious freedom, and push factors, like escaping an oppressive regime or culture of violence. In such contexts, people may choose to flaunt the distinctive and highly visible markers of their identity or opt to mask their identity by emulating or mimicking the material culture of their neighbors, and each strategy has different implications for the successful integration of community members. Many of the less visible attributes of material culture, especially those that are the product of motor skills learned early in life are not easily changed and therefore are strong indicators of cultural origin. Sissel Schroeder will investigate both the high visibility and low visibility attributes of material culture and their spatial distribution at a Mississippian town that formed through population coalescence and rose to prominence in the midcontinent of North America in the 13th century AD, a time of considerable population movement across North America. Gaining insights into how a multi-cultural community forms, is successful for multiple generations, and dissolves has implications for global issues of ethnic unrest in the world today. Undergraduate and graduate students who participate in the project will gain practical hands-on training in archaeological laboratory methods, material culture identification, and curatorial best practices, as well as organizational and analytical skills.Through the investigation of low visibility attributes, like the directional twist of the fibers used to make cordage and the kinds of clay and temper materials mixed with the clay to make pottery, it will be possible to identify learning communities of people from diverse backgrounds; by also incorporating some high visibility attributes, it will be possible to more fully explore the role of material culture in the constitution and transformation of cultural identity. The research will be conducted on existing archaeological collections that have been curated since the 1940s, thereby enhancing the value of these irreplaceable materials, promoting the importance of archaeological curation, and significantly augmenting basic understanding of the social complexity of an individual community. Dr. Schroeder will apply a novel investigative approach to the study of fabric. Since fabric rarely preserves in the humid Eastern Woodlands, archaeologists are restricted to studying it through impressions left on the exterior of ceramic vessels. Reverse-engineered 3D models developed from high resolution digital photographs of fabric impressions will reveal details of textile production without having to take impressions of the fabric using modern media that contaminate and damage the ancient materials.

这项研究项目解决了社区如何适应新移民的问题。移徙发生在一系列空间尺度上，可能涉及临时或永久搬迁，发生在多个方向，而且是出于各种原因进行的，其中包括拉动因素，如承诺丰富的资源或宗教自由，以及推动因素，如逃离压迫政权或暴力文化。在这种情况下，人们可能会选择炫耀自己身份的独特和高度可见的标志，或者选择通过模仿或模仿邻居的物质文化来掩盖自己的身份，每种策略对社区成员的成功融合都有不同的含义。物质文化的许多不太明显的属性，特别是那些在生命早期学习的运动技能的产品，不容易改变，因此是文化起源的强烈指标。西塞尔·施罗德将在密西西比州的一个小镇上研究物质文化的高能见度和低能见度属性及其空间分布。这个小镇是通过人口聚集形成的，于公元13世纪在北美中部大陆崛起，当时北美各地人口大量流动。洞察一个多元文化共同体是如何形成的，是几代人成功的，它的消解对当今世界的种族动荡的全球问题具有影响。参与该项目的本科生和研究生将获得考古实验室方法、物质文化鉴定和策展最佳实践方面的实践培训，以及组织和分析技能。通过对低能见度属性的调查，如用于制作绳索的纤维的方向性扭曲，以及与粘土混合制成陶器的粘土和回火材料的种类，将有可能识别不同背景的人的学习群体；通过加入一些高能见度属性，将可能更充分地探索物质文化在文化认同的构成和转换中的作用。这项研究将对自1940年代以来一直被收藏的现有考古收藏品进行研究，从而提高这些不可替代材料的价值，促进考古收藏的重要性，并显著增强对单个社区社会复杂性的基本了解。施罗德博士将把一种新的研究方法应用于织物研究。由于布料很少保存在潮湿的东部林地，考古学家仅限于通过陶器外部留下的印记来研究它。从面料印记的高分辨率数字照片开发的逆向工程3D模型将揭示纺织品生产的细节，而不必使用污染和损坏古老材料的现代媒体对面料进行印记。