EAGER: Transformative Emergency Dispatch Protocols for a Sixty Second Response

热切：智能互联社区：62秒响应的变革性紧急调度协议据估计，美国或加拿大的每个人在有生之年平均至少会两次寻求紧急援助。在9-1-1呼叫中，调度员首先收集关键信息(例如，位置、回叫号码、发生了什么)，评估情况，然后决定是否调度以及调度什么。一旦第一批救援人员(警察、消防和医疗人员)被派遣，第一批救援人员到达之前需要几分钟到几十分钟的时间。一个人在到达前能做多少是非常关键的。它可以决定快速康复与长期康复、暂时残疾与永久性残疾，以及最终的生死。然而，呼叫者在等待救援时往往得不到救生指令的帮助。与此同时，调度员经常面临一个60秒的两难境地；也就是在60秒内，他们需要在非常有限的时间内做出一个复杂但重要的决定：是否派发，如果是，派什么。我们相信，这一应急调度协议的结果将为缩短总响应时间，减少9-1-1呼叫量，降低9-1-1呼叫中心的运营成本，成功建立应急调度60秒响应机制提供方向。下一代9-1-1(NG 9-1-1)不仅在学术界，而且在由9-1-1服务提供商、网络应用程序开发人员、联邦代理和急救人员组成的运营社区中也引起了极大的兴趣。通过与呼叫者、调度员、急诊医生、标准机构(NENA)和NG 9-1-1架构师的密切合作，我们可以取得的结果不仅将为急救医学提供一种有前途的方法，还将指导现实世界的从业者的准备工作。开发的调度协议可用于远程医疗应用，在远程医疗应用中，医生能够远程媒体控制移动电话中的传感器并收集患者的信息。反过来，这些协议可以帮助郊区的养老院，因为专家的访问受到限制。下一代(NG)9-1-1正在部署，以获得更高的带宽和更好的9-1-1呼叫路由。在具有IP移动语音和视频以及远程控制功能的智能互联社区中，调度员可以访问不同形式的信息(例如，文本、图像和视频)。特别是，调度员将能够利用摄像头、麦克风、扬声器、加速计和压力传感器等传感器准确评估情况。PI计划使用之前获奖时已经开发的技术，如测量心率、呼吸频率和CPR按压深度。在这份提案中，我们希望解决多媒体信息如何帮助调度员并改进对呼叫者的到达前指令，以完成所需的紧急任务(例如，CPR或操作灭火器)。拟议的研究做出了几个独特的贡献：i)为NG9-1-1开发新的服务，用于在第一个响应者到达之前支持呼叫者和调度员，这是紧急调度中最关键但被忽视的领域之一；ii)探索与使用移动电话促进的紧急任务执行有关的几个基本研究问题(例如，任务难度指数、通信媒体优化、误通信量化)，这些问题以前没有被研究过，也没有被很好地理解；iii)在紧急调度中提供了对NG9-1-1人机界面的理解的翻天覆地的变化，Iv)在紧急调度中提供有效和高效的60秒响应机制，以及v)促进一套修订的调度方案，以准确识别所需的医疗护理。

EAGER: Smart and Connected Communities: Transformative Emergency Dispatch Protocols for a Sixty Second ResponseIt is estimated that on average, every individual in the United States or Canada will call for emergency assistance at least twice during his or her lifetime. In a 9-1-1 call, the dispatcher first collects critical information (e.g., location, call-back number, what happened), assesses the situation, and then decides whether and what to dispatch. Once first responders (police, fire, medical) are dispatched, it takes anywhere from a few minutes to several tens of minutes before the first responders arrive. How much a person can do during the pre-arrival time is very critical. It can make the difference between rapid vs. prolonged recovery, temporary vs. permanent disability, and ultimately life and death. However, the caller is often left without the benefit of life-saving instructions while waiting for help. Meanwhile, the dispatchers constantly face a 60-second dilemma; that is within 60 seconds, they need to make a complicated but important decision in a very limited period: whether to dispatch and, if so, what to dispatch. We believe that the results of this proposed emergency dispatch protocols will provide directions to shorten the total response time, reduce the volume of 9-1-1 calls, decrease the operating cost of 9-1-1 call centers, and successfully establish a 60-second response mechanism in emergency dispatching. There is a huge interest in Next Generation 9-1-1 (NG 9-1-1) in not only in the academic community, but also in the operational community of 9-1-1 service providers, network application developers, federal agents, and first responders. By closely collaborating with call takers, dispatchers, emergency physicians, standard body (NENA) and NG 9-1-1 architects, we can achieve results that will not only provide a promising approach for emergency medicine but also guide the preparation of real-world practitioners. The developed dispatch protocols can be used for telemedicine applications where the physicians are able to remote media control the sensors in mobile phones and collect information from patients. In turn, these protocols can help nursing homes in suburban areas where access to specialists is limited.Next-generation (NG) 9-1-1 is being deployed for higher bandwidth and better routing of 9-1-1 calls.in smart and connected communities With mobile voice and video over IP, and remote control functions, dispatchers can get access to different forms of information (e.g., text, images, and video). In particular, dispatchers will be able to utilize sensors such as cameras, microphones, speakerphones, accelerometers, and pressure sensors for accurately assessing a situation. PI plans to use the already developed technologies such as measuring heart rate, respiratory rate, and the depth of CPR compressions from the previous awards. In this proposal, we want to address on how multimedia information can help the dispatchers and improve pre-arrival instructions to the callers to accomplish required emergency tasks (e.g., CPR or operate a fire extinguisher). The proposed research makes several unique contributions: i) developing new services for NG 9-1-1 for supporting callers and dispatchers prior to the arrival of the first responders, one of the most critical yet neglected areas in emergency dispatching, ii) exploring several fundamental research issues (e.g., index of difficulty of tasks, communication media optimization, miscommunication quantification) related to emergency task executions facilitated by using a mobile phone, which have not been examined before and are not well understood, iii) providing a sea change in the understanding of human-machine interface in NG9-1-1 in emergency dispatching, iv) providing an effective and efficient 60-second response mechanism in emergency dispatching, and v) facilitating a revised set of dispatch protocols for accurate identification of needed medical care.