EAGER: Mobile Solutions for Multifold Increase of Survival Rates Through High Quality Chest Compressions

据估计，美国每年约有60万人经历心脏骤停，发生在社区环境中的心脏骤停的存活率不到6%。2015年6月30日，医学研究所发布了一份关于提高心脏骤停后存活率的策略的报告。该报告呼吁进行有效的治疗，要求旁观者立即做出反应，承认心脏骤停，拨打911，并启动心肺复苏(CPR)。考虑到紧急医疗服务(EMS)到达的时间间隔通常为7至8分钟或更长时间，根据美国心脏协会(AHA)的研究，未进行CPR的每分钟存活率下降7%至10%。心肺复苏期间的胸部按压会产生少量但关键数量的血液流向重要器官，如大脑和心脏，直到急救人员恢复循环。在定义高质量CPR的同时，AHA将重点放在特定的特征上，包括压缩速度、深度和每次压缩(反冲)后的完全释放。为了遵循AHA的指导方针并改进CPR技术，北德克萨斯大学的研究人员提出了一种有效的智能手机应用程序，可以在CPR过程中提供实时评估和反馈。这个急切的项目开发的科学技术可以用于评估和认证社区工作人员，提供复苏质量改进(RQI)，并在心脏骤停期间为旁观者提供帮助。对医护人员的典型CPR培训包括每两年在课堂上观看视频和听讲座。展望未来，这场热切的运动有可能改变CPR培训和管理的处理方式。根据这项热切的提案所产生的数据，医护人员每月只需花费5-10分钟就能有效地改善CPR的管理，并大幅提高患者的存活率。为了实现这一目标，我们建议：i)将CPR培训时间从每两年一天改为每月5-10分钟；ii)有效地帮助没有接受过CPR管理培训的旁观者；iii)制作一种特殊的手套，用于放置手机，自动启动CPR应用程序，并与9-1-1操作员和医生进行沟通。因此，急救中心的成功可以改变我们管理和提供CPR培训的方式。随着拟议研究的良好结果，有效CPR的变异性将显著降低，从而导致更高的存活率。这个急切的项目推进了跨学科知识(力学、流体控制、信号处理和人工智能)，希望心脏骤停的存活期不再依赖于环境因素(例如，医院内外)。

It is estimated that approximately 600,000 people each year in the United States experience a cardiac arrest, and survival rates for arrests that occur in community settings are less than 6%. On June 30, 2015, the Institute of Medicine released a report on strategies for increasing survival rates after cardiac arrest. The report calls for effective treatment, demanding an immediate response from bystanders to recognize cardiac arrest, call 911, and initiate cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR). Given that the time interval for Emergency Medical Service (EMS) arrival is often 7 to 8 minutes or longer, based on American Heart Association (AHA) research, survival falls 7% to 10% for each minute without CPR. Chest compressions during CPR can generate a small but critical amount of blood flow to vital organs such as the brain and heart until circulation is restored by EMS personnel. While defining high-quality CPR, the AHA puts priority on specific characteristics including the rate of compressions, depth, and full release after each compression (recoil). To follow AHA's guidelines and improve CPR technique, researchers at the University of North Texas propose an effective smartphone application that can be used to provide real-time evaluation and feedback during CPR. The developed science and technology from this EAGER project can be used to evaluate and certify community workers, provide resuscitation quality improvement (RQI), and offer assistance to bystanders during a cardiac arrest. Typical CPR training for health care workers entails watching videos and listening to lectures in a classroom setting every two years. Looking to the future, the EAGER campaign has the potential to transform the way CPR training and administration is handled. Based on the data yielded from the EAGER proposal, healthcare workers would only need to spend 5-10 minutes each month to effectively improve CPR administration and substantially increase the survival rate of patients. In order to accomplish this, we propose to: i) change the CPR training period to 5-10 minutes each month instead of one day every two years, ii) effectively assist bystanders who have no prior training in CPR administration, and iii) create a special glove that will house the mobile phone, start the CPR application automatically, and communicate with 9-1-1 operators and physicians. Hence, the success of EAGER can transform the way we administer and offer CPR training. With favorable outcomes of the proposed research, variability of effective-CPR would dramatically be reduced, leading to higher survival rates. This EAGER project advances interdisciplinary knowledge (mechanics, fluid control, signal processing, and artificial intelligence) in the hopes that cardiac arrest survival no longer depends on environmental factors (e.g., inside or outside of hospital).