CRII: CPS: Architecture and Distributed Computation in the Networked Control Paradigm: An Autonomous Grid Example

CRII：CPS：网络控制范式中的架构和分布式计算：自治网格示例

• 批准号: 1657024
• 负责人: Nilanjan Ray Chaudhuri
• 金额: $ 8.28万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1657024&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CRII; CPS; Architecture; Distributed; Computation

This proposal will establish a framework for developing distributed Cyber-Physical Systems operating in a Networked Control Systems (NCS) environment. Specific attention is focused on an application where the computational, and communication challenges are unique due to the sheer size of the physical system, and communications between system elements include potential for significant losses and delays. An example of this is the power grid which includes large-scale deployment of distributed and networked Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs) and wind energy resources. Although, much has been done to model and analyze the impact of data dropouts and delay in NCS at a theoretical level, their impact on the behavior of cyber physical systems has received little attention. As a result much of the past research done on the `smart grid' has oversimplified the `physical' portion of the model, thereby overlooking key computational challenges lying at the heart of the dimensionality of the model and the heterogeneity in the dynamics of the grid. A clear gap has remained in understanding the implications of uncertainties in NCS (e.g. bandwidth limitations, packet dropout, packet disorientation, latency, signal loss, etc.) cross-coupled with the uncertainties in a large power grid with wind farms (e.g. variability in wind power, fault and nonlinearity, change in topology etc.) on the reliable operation of the grid. To address these challenges, this project will, for the first time, develop a modeling framework for discovering hitherto unknown interactions through co-simulation of NCS, distributed computing, and a large power grid included distributed wind generation resources. Most importantly, it addresses challenges in distributed computation through frequency domain abstractions and proposes two novel techniques in grid stabilization during packet dropout. The broader impact lies in providing deeper understanding of the impact of delays and dropouts in the Smart Grid. This will enable a better utilization of energy transmission assets and improve integration of renewable energy sources. The project will facilitate participation of women in STEM disciplines, and will include outreach with local Native American tribal community collegesThis project will develop fundamental understanding of impact of network delays and drops using an approach that is applicable to a variety of CPS. It will enable transformative Wide-Areas Measurement Systems research for the smart grid through modeling adequacy studies of a representative sub-transient model of the grid along with the representation of packet drop in the communication network by a Gilbert model. Most importantly, fundamental concepts of frequency domain abstraction including balanced truncation and optimal Hankel-norm approximation are proposed to significantly reduce the burden of distributed computing. Finally, a novel `reduced copy' approach and a `modified Kalman filtering' approach are proposed to address the problem of grid stabilization using wind farm controls when packet drop is encountered.

该建议将建立一个框架，用于开发在网络控制系统（NCS）环境中运行的分布式信息物理系统。具体的注意力集中在一个应用程序中的计算，通信的挑战是独特的，由于物理系统的庞大规模，系统元素之间的通信包括潜在的重大损失和延迟。这方面的一个例子是电网，其包括分布式和联网的相量测量单元（PMU）和风能资源的大规模部署。虽然，已经做了大量的建模和分析的数据丢失和延迟在NCS的影响在理论层面上，他们对网络物理系统的行为的影响很少受到关注。因此，过去对“智能电网”所做的许多研究都过于简化了模型的“物理”部分，从而忽视了模型维度核心的关键计算挑战和电网动态的异质性。在理解NCS中的不确定性（例如带宽限制、数据包丢失、数据包迷失方向、延迟、信号丢失等）的影响方面仍然存在明显的差距。与具有风电场的大型电网中的不确定性交叉耦合（例如，风力发电的可变性、故障和非线性、拓扑结构的变化等）电网的可靠运行。 为了应对这些挑战，该项目将首次开发一个建模框架，通过NCS，分布式计算和包括分布式风力发电资源的大型电网的联合仿真来发现迄今为止未知的相互作用。最重要的是，它解决了分布式计算的挑战，通过频域抽象，并提出了两种新的技术，在网格稳定数据包丢失。更广泛的影响在于更深入地了解智能电网中延迟和辍学的影响。这将有助于更好地利用能源传输资产，并改善可再生能源的整合。该项目将促进妇女参与STEM学科，并将包括与当地美洲原住民部落社区学院的外联。该项目将使用适用于各种CPS的方法，对网络延迟和掉线的影响进行基本了解。 它将使变革广域测量系统的智能电网的研究，通过建模充分性研究的一个代表性的子瞬态模型的网格沿着与表示的丢包在通信网络中的吉尔伯特模型。最重要的是，频域抽象的基本概念，包括平衡截断和最佳Hankel范数近似提出了显着减少分布式计算的负担。最后，提出了一种新的“减少复制”的方法和“修改卡尔曼滤波”的方法，以解决电网稳定使用风电场控制时遇到丢包的问题。

项目成果

Modeling adequacy for studying power oscillation damping in grids with wind farms and networked control systems (NCS)

• DOI: 10.1109/pesgm.2016.7741931
• 发表时间: 2016-07
• 期刊: 2016 IEEE Power and Energy Society General Meeting (PESGM)
• 作者: Amirthagunaraj Yogarathinam;Jagdeep Kaur;N. Chaudhuri

A New MIMO ORC Architecture for Power Oscillation Damping Using Remote Feedback Signals Under Intermittent Observations

一种新的 MIMO ORC 架构，用于在间歇观测下使用远程反馈信号抑制功率振荡

• DOI: 10.1109/jsyst.2019.2899811
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: IEEE Systems Journal
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Yogarathinam, Amirthagunaraj;Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray
• 通讯作者: Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray

Data packet-drop-resilient wide-area damping control using DFIG-based wind farm

使用基于 DFIG 的风电场的数据包丢失弹性广域阻尼控制

• DOI: 10.1109/naps.2016.7747880
• 发表时间: 2016
• 作者: Yogarathinam, Amirthagunaraj;Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray
• 通讯作者: Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray

Wide-Area Damping Control Using Multiple DFIG-Based Wind Farms Under Stochastic Data Packet Dropouts

• DOI: 10.1109/tsg.2016.2631448
• 发表时间: 2018-07
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Smart Grid
• 影响因子: 9.6
• 作者: Amirthagunaraj Yogarathinam;N. Chaudhuri

An approach for wide-area damping control using multiple DFIG-based wind farm to deal with communication dropouts

一种使用多个基于 DFIG 的风电场处理通信丢失的广域阻尼控制方法

• DOI: 10.1109/isgt.2016.7781207
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: 2016 IEEE Power & Energy Society
• 作者: Yogarathinam, Amirthagunaraj;Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray
• 通讯作者: Chaudhuri, Nilanjan Ray