CPS: Small: Controlling Sub- and Supersynchronous Oscillations in Inverter-dominated Energy CPS

这个NSF项目旨在解决可再生能源高渗透电网所面临的振荡问题，这些问题会破坏系统的运行。该项目将为对这种现象的基本理解带来革命性的变化，并提出新的控制策略，通过利用电网的网络层（包括传感器和通信网络）来抑制振荡。这将通过新颖的网络物理电网建模方法来实现，这种方法可以捕获这种现象，以及集中和分散的控制，即使在包括网络攻击在内的传感器测量异常情况下，也可以抑制这种振荡。该项目的智力优势包括开发计算上可管理的网络物理模型，用于从损坏中恢复数据的新颖传感器分组和算法，以及不依赖于详细的可再生植物模型的控制方法。该项目的更广泛影响包括解决可再生能源整合的主要障碍，这有助于应对气候变化，将拟议的研究与高中生整合到夏令营中，为未被充分代表的少数民族提供暑期实习机会，为课程提供信息，以及通过宾夕法尼亚州立大学工程推广和包容中心让学生参与进来。提出的项目有三个关键重点，解决基于逆变器资源（ibr）存在的亚同步和超同步振荡（sso）。首先，提出了一个可扩展的、计算可管理的、线性化的动态相量建模框架，该框架具有不平衡仿真能力，适用于具有高ibr渗透率的网格，并与具有数据包丢失和延迟的现实网络层模型相结合。其次，提出了一种基于阻尼控制的集中补救行动方案，该方案依赖于三个步骤：(a)离线相量测量单元（PMU）放置、在线动态信号分组以及从稀疏和非稀疏损坏中恢复信号；(b)使用耗散能量流（DEF）方法检测和定位sso； (c)通过新颖的DEF灵敏度计算确定发电再调度。第三，基于模型预测控制（MPC）框架提出了基于分散调制的抗损坏单点登录阻尼，该框架不需要IBR模型的知识，其中通过离线训练神经网络来估计地图将减少计算负担。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This NSF project aims to solve the problem of oscillations faced by power grids with high penetration of renewable energy that are disrupting system operations. The project will bring transformative change in fundamental understanding of such phenomena and propose new control strategies to damp the oscillations by leveraging the cyber layer of the power grid including sensors and communication network. This will be achieved by novel approaches of modeling the cyber physical power grid that can capture such phenomena, and centralized and decentralized controls that can damp such oscillations even in presence of anomalies in sensor measurements including cyber-attacks. The intellectual merits of the project include development of computationally manageable cyber physical models, novel sensor grouping and algorithms for data recovery from corruption, and control methods that do not rely on detailed renewable plant models. The broader impacts of the project include solving a major impediment of renewable energy integration that can help tackle climate change, integrating the proposed research in summer camps with high school students, offering summer internships for underrepresented minorities, informing curricula, and student engagement through Penn State’s Center for Engineering Outreach and Inclusion.The proposed project has three key thrusts addressing the sub- and super-synchronous oscillations (SSOs) in presence of inverter-based resources (IBRs). First, a scalable, computationally manageable, and linearizable dynamic phasor-based modeling framework with unbalance simulation capability for grids with high penetration of IBRs is proposed, which is coupled to a realistic cyber layer model with data packet drops and delays. Second, a centralized remedial action scheme based damping control is proposed that relies on three steps – (a) offline phasor measurement unit (PMU) placement, online dynamic signal grouping, and signal recovery from sparse and non-sparse corruption, (b) detection and source localization of SSOs using dissipating energy flow (DEF) approach, and (c) determination of generation re-dispatch through a novel DEF sensitivity calculation. Third, decentralized modulation-based corruption-resilient SSO damping is proposed based on model predictive control (MPC) framework that does not require knowledge of IBR models, wherein the computational burden will be reduced by estimating a map by offline training of neural networks.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.