RAPID Flood Extent/Depth Data Identification, Acquisition, Cataloguing, and Processing

2016年8月发生在路易斯安那州的极端降雨事件让很多人感到意外。洪水地图和应急准备是为密西西比河及其支流的溢流而设计的，但直接降水的范围和速度在当地河流流域造成了意想不到的行为。该RAPID项目将检查洪水的范围和时间，以便开发区域对降雨反应的有效模型。然后，这些数据将被纳入由风暴潮引起的沿海洪水的现有模型，以制定对该地区不同类型影响的情景。这项研究将有助于未来各种天气相关影响的规划和应急管理。该项目的技术描述RAPID项目将产生三个关键产品：1)洪水的最大范围和最大深度的时间无关表示；2)洪水范围和深度随时间变化的表征；3)直接和快速地将数据纳入飓风风暴潮模型的方法文档。实地工作将收集短期数据，以验证从遥感技术获得的洪水范围和深度。科学将在三个关键领域取得进展：1)近实时洪水检测的遥感算法；2)水文与飓风风暴潮耦合模型的数值实现；3)大范围内水文和涌浪相互作用的流动地球物理学。

ABSTRACT A non-technical description explaining the broader significance of the projectThe extreme rainfall event in Louisiana in August 2016 caught many people by surprise. Flood maps and emergency preparations were designed for overflow from the Mississippi River and tributaries, but the extent and rapidity of direct precipitation caused unanticipated behaviors in the local stream watersheds. This RAPID project will examine the extent and the timing of the flooding in order to develop an effective model of the regional response to the rainfall. These data then will be incorporated into existing models of coastal flooding caused by storm surges to develop scenarios for different types of impacts on the region. This research will help in future planning and emergency management for various weather-related impacts.A technical description of the projectThis RAPID project will generate three key products: 1) A time-independent representation of the furthest extents and maximum depths of flooding; 2) Time-dependent representations of the extent and depth of flooding; and, 3) Documentation of the methodology to directly and quickly incorporate the data into a hurricane storm surge model. The field effort will collect ephemeral data to validate flood extents and depths derived from remote sensing technologies. Science will be advanced in three key areas: 1) remote sensing algorithms for near real-time flood detection; 2) numerical implementation of coupled hydrologic and hurricane storm-surge models; and 3) the geophysics of flow for hydrologic and surge interactions over a large region.