DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Investigating patterns and processes of evolution, ecology, and diversification in carangiform fishes

论文研究：研究鲫鱼的进化、生态和多样化的模式和过程

• 批准号: 1701597
• 负责人: Thomas Near
• 金额: $ 2.18万
• 依托单位: Yale University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1701597&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Investigating; patterns; processes

This project examines genetic diversity in two species of iconic marine fishes, the Giant Trevally and the Bluefin Trevally. Both species are top predators on coral and rocky reefs throughout the Indian and Pacific Oceans and are highly valued for artisanal, commercial, and sport fisheries. The research will investigate the correlation between genetic diversity and environmental variables (e.g., ocean temperature and currents) in the Indo-Pacific to identify physical barriers that might lead to observed differences in the genomes of these fishes in different geographic locations. The project focuses on the western Indian Ocean, a region lacking sufficient marine conservation measures in large part due to a scarcity of data necessary to inform governments making management decisions. Given the lack of data on these two species of Trevally, coupled with their economic importance, this project has direct societal implications. The researchers will share data with governmental and non-profit collaborators and incorporate strong scientific training components for graduate students, as well as engagement with members of the public in the USA, South Africa, and Seychelles. To accomplish the project objectives, the researchers will first conduct seascape genetic analyses using next generation sequencing techniques, specifically double digest restriction site associated DNA sequencing (RADseq) targeting single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to examine fine-scale genetic structure within and among C. ignobilis and C. melampygus individuals across their range. Seascape properties will be analyzed using coupled biological-physical models that integrate oceanographic data with biological attributes of these species. Models will be generated that maximize the availability of oceanographic information at a spatial scale complementary to the genetic data. The second component includes a phylogeographic analysis focused on characterizing patterns of historic gene flow by using paleoclimatic data to characterize physical and biological forces that may have driven evolution and influenced historical and present data distributions of the two species. This methodology uses high-resolution paleoceanographic models coupled with contemporary GIS-based species distribution modeling algorithms to generate paleodistribution suitability values for each species. These paleodistributions serve as alternate hypotheses to test against the SNP dataset. In combination, these analyses will provide insight on contemporary and historical processes shaping the diversification and connectivity of these two important fishery species.

该项目研究了两种标志性海洋鱼类——巨鲹和蓝鳍鲹的遗传多样性。这两个物种都是印度洋和太平洋珊瑚礁和岩礁上的顶级掠食者，在手工、商业和游钓中具有很高的价值。该研究将调查印度-太平洋地区遗传多样性与环境变量（例如海洋温度和海流）之间的相关性，以确定可能导致不同地理位置的这些鱼类基因组存在差异的物理障碍。该项目重点关注西印度洋，该地区缺乏足够的海洋保护措施，很大程度上是因为缺乏为政府制定管理决策提供信息所需的数据。鉴于缺乏这两种鲹鱼的数据，再加上它们的经济重要性，该项目具有直接的社会影响。研究人员将与政府和非营利合作者共享数据，并为研究生提供强大的科学培训内容，并与美国、南非和塞舌尔的公众进行接触。 为了实现该项目目标，研究人员将首先使用下一代测序技术进行海景遗传分析，特别是针对单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的双消化限制位点相关DNA测序（RADseq），以检查其范围内的C. ignobilis和C. melampygus个体内部和之间的精细遗传结构。将使用生物物理耦合模型来分析海景特性，该模型将海洋学数据与这些物种的生物属性相结合。将生成在空间尺度上最大限度地利用与遗传数据互补的海洋学信息的模型。第二个组成部分包括系统发育地理学分析，重点是通过使用古气候数据来表征历史基因流的模式，以表征可能驱动进化并影响两个物种的历史和当前数据分布的物理和生物力量。该方法使用高分辨率古海洋学模型与当代基于 GIS 的物种分布建模算法相结合，为每个物种生成古分布适宜性值。这些古分布可作为替代假设来测试 SNP 数据集。结合起来，这些分析将为塑造这两个重要渔业物种的多样化和连通性的当代和历史过程提供见解。