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CIF: Medium: Anonymous Broadcasting over Networks: Fundamental Limits and Algorithms

CIF：媒介：网络匿名广播：基本限制和算法

基本信息

批准号：
1705007
负责人：
Rayadurgam Srikant
金额：
$ 90万
依托单位：
University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1705007&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CIF Medium Anonymous Broadcasting over

项目摘要

In a free society, people have the right to live without being unduly monitored or surveilled. When that right is violated, anonymity-preserving technologies can provide a safety net. Anonymity-preserving systems are specifically designed to prevent adversaries from linking users to their actions within the system; most online services today are not designed to protect anonymity.This project studies the anonymity properties of networked systems in which users broadcast sensitive information over a network. It considers two representative applications: anonymous microblogging and cryptocurrencies. Anonymous microblogging refers to social networks where users broadcast messages over a social graph; examples include Yik Yak and Whisper. Cryptocurrencies are distributed, digital currencies that allow a community to collectively, cryptographically verify the legitimacy of transactions; Bitcoin is the most successful example. Both anonymous microblogging platforms and cryptocurrencies broadcast sensitive messages over a network and are generally perceived as systems that protect user anonymity. This project aims to understand, from first principles, the vulnerabilities of existing broadcasting protocols against statistical deanonymization attacks, and whether such attacks can be prevented by carefully designing new protocols. Additionally, the project will develop open-source implementations to demonstrate the key theory including a distributed anonymous messaging application and a lightweight upgrade to Bitcoin's networking stack. The project also includes training of graduate and undergraduate students in this important research area.The project is conducted in three steps. The first step is model-building which extracts simple, canonical mathematical models that capture the essence of these complex systems. The second step is source detection, where an adversary performing statistical inference to deanonymize the source of a broadcast is considered, and the mathematical models from step 1 are used to analyze the vulnerability of current protocols. The final step focuses on source hiding where the aim is to design novel broadcasting and network-management protocols that give provably-optimal anonymity guarantees while maintaining high utility for the target applications.

在一个自由的社会里，人们有权在不受不适当的监视或监视的情况下生活。当这一权利受到侵犯时，匿名保护技术可以提供一个安全网。匿名保护系统是专门为防止攻击者将用户链接到他们在系统中的行为而设计的；目前大多数在线服务都不是为保护匿名性而设计的。它考虑了两个有代表性的应用：匿名微博和加密货币。匿名微博指的是用户在社交图谱上发布信息的社交网络，例如Yak Yak和Whisper。加密货币是分布式的数字货币，允许社区以加密的方式集体验证交易的合法性；比特币就是最成功的例子。匿名微博平台和加密货币都在网络上广播敏感信息，通常被视为保护用户匿名性的系统。这个项目的目的是从基本原理上了解现有广播协议对统计去匿名化攻击的脆弱性，以及是否可以通过仔细设计新协议来防止此类攻击。此外，该项目将开发开源实现，以演示关键理论，包括分布式匿名消息应用程序和对比特币网络堆栈的轻量级升级。该项目还包括这一重要研究领域的研究生和本科生的培训。该项目分三个步骤进行。第一步是建立模型，提取简单、规范的数学模型，以捕捉这些复杂系统的本质。第二步是源检测，考虑敌手执行统计推断以去匿名化广播的源，并使用步骤1中的数学模型来分析当前协议的脆弱性。最后一步集中在源隐藏上，目标是设计新的广播和网络管理协议，在保持目标应用程序的高可用性的同时提供可证明是最优的匿名性保证。