SusChEM: GOALI: Drinking Water Safety and Sustainability: Identifying Key Chemical Drivers of Toxicity for Long-Term Solutions in the United States

SusChEM：目标：饮用水安全和可持续性：确定美国长期解决方案毒性的关键化学驱动因素

• 批准号: 1706862
• 负责人: Michael Plewa
• 金额: $ 14万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-07-01 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1706862&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChEM; GOALI; Drinking; Water; Safety

Collaborative ProposalPIs: Susan D. Richardson/Michael PlewaProposal Number: 1705206/1706862The majority of citizens in the US consume disinfected water. Chemical disinfectants inactivate pathogens in drinking water; however, an unintended consequence is their reaction with natural organic matter (NOM), anthropogenic contaminants, and bromide/iodide to form disinfection by-products (DBPs). For our drinking water supplies, a wide range of pristine and impacted waters are used, where high levels of certain emerging DBPs of concern have been reported. As a result, DBPs represent a ubiquitous chronic chemical exposure, yet the forcing agents for toxicity remain unknown. This research will address this knowledge gap, serve as the basis for a future wider International DBP study, and create a new paradigm for drinking water regulation to enhance drinking water safety and sustainability. The PIs will employ the on-going academic programs at their universities to provide research experiences for undergraduate and high school students, in particular students from underrepresented groups. An international group of leading scientists participating at the 2015 Gordon Research Conference on Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products met to address these issues and recommended an International DBP study to (1) evaluate DBP levels globally, focusing on key emerging DBPs and surrogate parameters: total organic chlorine (TOCl), total organic bromine (TOBr), total organic iodine (TOI), and (2) determine which subsets of DBPs are the forcing agents of toxicity. The PIs seek to accomplish these goals in an initial assessment in the US. Results from this research will generate data to better understand DBP risks, determine the forcing agents of toxicity, and enable long-term engineering solutions to enhance drinking water safety and sustainability. This research will identify the drivers of in vitro toxicity as a metric of potential human health risk for DBPs in drinking water from the United States and will serve as the basis for a future International DBP study that will globally assess DBP risks. While it is widely recognized that individual bromine- and iodine-containing DBPs are more toxic than their chlorine-containing analogues, the correlation of TOCl, TOBr, and TOI with a wide range of individual DBPs has not been evaluated. These chemical surrogates are recognized as holding great potential (especially TOBr and TOI) for accounting for risk, both from known DBPs (including the 65 priority DBPs to be quantified in this study) and the unknown DBPs, where 50% of the total organic halogen (TOX) content has yet to be identified. The Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) has expressed interest in the potential to use these kinds of surrogates for regulation if they adequately represent the adverse health risk from halogenated DBPs. Thus, this research also has the potential to modify regulations as we know them today and better protect human health and enable global, safe, and sustainable drinking water.

合作提案：Susan D. Richardson/Michael Plewaproposal号编号：1705206/1706862美国大多数公民消毒了。 化学消毒剂使饮用水中的病原体失活；然而，意外的结果是它们与自然有机物（NOM），人为污染物和溴/碘化物的反应以形成消毒副产品（DBPS）。 对于我们的饮用水供应，使用了广泛的原始水域和受影响的水，其中据报道，人们关注的某些新出现的DBP。 结果，DBP代表着无处不在的慢性化学暴露，但毒性的强迫剂仍然未知。 这项研究将解决这一知识差距，作为未来更广泛的国际DBP研究的基础，并为饮用水调节创建新的范式，以增强饮用水的安全和可持续性。 PI将在其大学中使用正在进行的学术课程为本科生和高中生，尤其是来自代表性不足的学生提供研究经验。 An international group of leading scientists participating at the 2015 Gordon Research Conference on Drinking Water Disinfection By-Products met to address these issues and recommended an International DBP study to (1) evaluate DBP levels globally, focusing on key emerging DBPs and surrogate parameters: total organic chlorine (TOCl), total organic bromine (TOBr), total organic iodine (TOI), and (2) determine which subsets of DBP是毒性的强迫剂。 PI试图在美国的初步评估中实现这些目标。这项研究的结果将生成数据，以更好地了解DBP风险，确定毒性的迫使药物，并实现长期的工程解决方案，以增强饮用水安全和可持续性。这项研究将确定体外毒性的驱动因素是美国饮用水中DBP的潜在人类健康风险的指标，并将作为未来国际DBP研究的基础，该研究将在全球范围内评估DBP风险。虽然广泛认识到，含有溴和碘的单个DBP的毒性比其含氯的类似物更具毒性，但尚未评估TOCL，TOBR和TOI与广泛单独的DBP的相关性。这些化学替代物被认为具有巨大潜力（尤其是TOBR和TOI），以应对风险，包括已知DBP（包括在这项研究中量化的65个优先级DBP）和未知的DBP，其中有机卤素（TOX）含量的50％尚未鉴定出来。环境保护局（EPA）表示有可能使用这类替代物进行调节的潜力，如果它们充分代表了卤代DBP的不良健康风险。因此，这项研究也有可能修改我们今天所知道的法规，并更好地保护人类健康，并启用全球，安全和可持续的饮用水。

项目成果

To regulate or not to regulate? What to do with more toxic disinfection by-products?

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2020.103939
• 发表时间: 2020-08-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
• 影响因子: 7.7
• 作者: Richardson, Susan D.;Plewa, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Plewa, Michael J.

Relationships between regulated DBPs and emerging DBPs of health concern in U.S. drinking water

美国饮用水中受监管的 DBP 与新出现的影响健康的 DBP 之间的关系

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2022.04.016
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Environmental Sciences
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: Krasner, Stuart W.;Jia, Ai;Lee, Chih-Fen T.;Shirkhani, Raha;Allen, Joshua M.;Richardson, Susan D.;Plewa, Michael J.
• 通讯作者: Plewa, Michael J.