The Female View on Building the Land of Israel Architecture, Zionism and Aliyah in the Writings by a Pioneer Woman Architect

20世纪初的第一批女性建筑师很少在男性主导的领域中写她们的专业化和建筑生产条件。因此，将她们的作品和项目视为她们的“艺术陈述”和建筑遗产的表达，对于人文学科研究来说，要比男性同事的建筑和哲学反思和著作难得多。要获得关于她们在建筑领域的工作和活动的信息，通常只能通过当代专业期刊和女性杂志，因为除了少数例外，第一代女性建筑师的个人档案是缺失的。在此背景下，德国出生的犹太先锋女建筑师Lotte Cohn（1893年柏林-1983年特拉维夫）的个人档案在很大程度上得到了保存，这对于研究女性建筑师的国际历史具有最大的学术意义。1921年，她作为以色列土地的第一位女建筑师移民到巴勒斯坦，并实质性地参与了犹太家园新基础的第一个建筑和定居项目。在60多年的信件、回忆录、期刊文章和演讲中，她回顾了自己在这个新家园的个人发展、工作和职业经历。她写了犹太复国主义建筑领域的开端及其建筑发展，规划了基布兹和莫沙夫的第一个合作定居点，以及她对以色列建国后建筑和城镇规划的思考，以及总的来说。作为20世纪20年代初巴勒斯坦第一批讲德语的犹太复国主义者之一，洛特·科恩后来认为自己是当代的见证者，她写的是她那一代的第三次阿里亚先驱移民。在这方面，她的个人档案也引起了学术界的兴趣，因为只有少数回忆录和文件记录了大约2000名讲德语的犹太人的生活，其中许多是妇女，他们在1933年之前住在巴勒斯坦。这个跨学科项目的目的是基于Lotte Cohn的个人档案，打开她在20世纪以色列建筑史上工作的背景空间，记录和批判性地评估它。在这个来源批判研究的中心是社会学，意识形态和政治层面的建筑生产在建设犹太国家的问题；犹太复国主义建筑师之间专业网络的制度化；获得建筑委托的平等机会，以及女性对犹太复国主义建筑和城镇规划的看法。此外，研究项目的一个重要目的是记录第三次阿利亚时期讲德语的移民，以及他们对在以色列土地上建立犹太家园的贡献。正在开发一个数据库。

The first women architects at the beginning of the 20th century very rarely wrote about their professionalization and the conditions of their architectural production within a male-dominated field. To regard their works and projects as expressions of their "artistic statements" and architectural legacy is, therefore, much less accessible to Humanities Research than the architectural and philosophical reflections and writings of their male colleagues. To obtain information about their work and sphere of activity in architecture is often only possible through contemporary professional journals and women's magazines, because, apart from a few exceptions, the personal archives of this first generation of women architects are missing. Against this background, the personal archive of German-born Jewish Pioneer woman architect Lotte Cohn (1893 Berlin-1983 Tel Aviv), which is largely preserved, is of the greatest academic importance for research into the international history of women architects. In 1921, she emigrated to Mandatory Palestine as the first woman architect in Eretz Israel, and was substantially involved in the first architectural and settlement projects for the new foundation of the Jewish homestead. In letters, memoirs, journal articles and speeches over a period of more than 60 years, she reflected on her personal development, work and professional experiences in the new homeland. She wrote about the beginning of the Zionist building sector and its architectural development, planning the first co-operative settlements of the Kibbutz and Moschav as well as her reflections on architecture and town planning in Israel after the foundation of the state, and in general.As one of the first German-speaking Zionists in Palestine at the beginning of the 1920s, Lotte Cohn later considered herself to be a contemporary witness writing about her generation of pioneer immigrants of the Third Aliya. Her personal archive is also of academic interest in this respect because only a few memoirs and documents chronicle the lives of the approximately 2,000 German speaking Jews, among them many women, who lived in Palestine prior to 1933.The aim of this interdisciplinary project, based on Lotte Cohn's personal archive, is to open up the contextual space of her work in Israeli building history in the 20th century, to document and critically assess it. At the centre of this source-critical study are questions of the sociological, ideological and political dimensions of architectural production in building the Jewish state; the institutionalization of professional networks between Zionist architects; equal opportunities in receiving building commissions, as well as the female view of Zionist architecture and town planning. In addition, an important aim of the research project is the documentation of the German speaking immigration of the Third Aliyah, and their contribution to building the Jewish homeland in Eretz Israel. A database is under development.