The Female View on Building the Land of Israel Architecture, Zionism and Aliyah in the Writings by a Pioneer Woman Architect

一位女建筑师先锋著作中女性对建设以色列土地、犹太复国主义和回归的女性看法

• 批准号: 229151451
• 负责人: Dr. Ines Sonder
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Moses Mendelssohn Zentrum für europäisch-jüdische Studien e. V. an der Universität Potsdam
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/229151451?language=en
• 关键词: Female; View; Building; Land; Israel

The first women architects at the beginning of the 20th century very rarely wrote about their professionalization and the conditions of their architectural production within a male-dominated field. To regard their works and projects as expressions of their "artistic statements" and architectural legacy is, therefore, much less accessible to Humanities Research than the architectural and philosophical reflections and writings of their male colleagues. To obtain information about their work and sphere of activity in architecture is often only possible through contemporary professional journals and women's magazines, because, apart from a few exceptions, the personal archives of this first generation of women architects are missing. Against this background, the personal archive of German-born Jewish Pioneer woman architect Lotte Cohn (1893 Berlin-1983 Tel Aviv), which is largely preserved, is of the greatest academic importance for research into the international history of women architects. In 1921, she emigrated to Mandatory Palestine as the first woman architect in Eretz Israel, and was substantially involved in the first architectural and settlement projects for the new foundation of the Jewish homestead. In letters, memoirs, journal articles and speeches over a period of more than 60 years, she reflected on her personal development, work and professional experiences in the new homeland. She wrote about the beginning of the Zionist building sector and its architectural development, planning the first co-operative settlements of the Kibbutz and Moschav as well as her reflections on architecture and town planning in Israel after the foundation of the state, and in general.As one of the first German-speaking Zionists in Palestine at the beginning of the 1920s, Lotte Cohn later considered herself to be a contemporary witness writing about her generation of pioneer immigrants of the Third Aliya. Her personal archive is also of academic interest in this respect because only a few memoirs and documents chronicle the lives of the approximately 2,000 German speaking Jews, among them many women, who lived in Palestine prior to 1933.The aim of this interdisciplinary project, based on Lotte Cohn's personal archive, is to open up the contextual space of her work in Israeli building history in the 20th century, to document and critically assess it. At the centre of this source-critical study are questions of the sociological, ideological and political dimensions of architectural production in building the Jewish state; the institutionalization of professional networks between Zionist architects; equal opportunities in receiving building commissions, as well as the female view of Zionist architecture and town planning. In addition, an important aim of the research project is the documentation of the German speaking immigration of the Third Aliyah, and their contribution to building the Jewish homeland in Eretz Israel. A database is under development.

世纪初的第一批女建筑师很少写关于她们的专业化和她们在男性主导的领域内的建筑生产条件。因此，将他们的作品和项目视为他们的“艺术陈述”和建筑遗产的表达，比他们的男性同事的建筑和哲学思考和著作更难进入人文研究。要获得关于她们在建筑领域的工作和活动范围的信息，通常只能通过当代专业期刊和女性杂志，因为除了少数例外，第一代女建筑师的个人档案是缺失的。在此背景下，德国出生的犹太先驱女建筑师乐天科恩（1893年柏林-1983年特拉维夫）的个人档案，这是大部分保存，是最重要的学术研究的国际历史上的女建筑师。1921年，她作为以色列埃雷兹的第一位女建筑师移民到巴勒斯坦托管地，并大量参与了犹太宅基地新基础的第一个建筑和定居点项目。在60多年的信件、回忆录、期刊文章和演讲中，她回顾了自己在新祖国的个人发展、工作和职业经历。她写了关于犹太复国主义建筑部门的开始及其建筑发展，规划了基布兹和Moschav的第一个合作定居点，以及她对以色列建国后建筑和城镇规划的思考。作为20世纪20年代初巴勒斯坦第一批讲德语的犹太复国主义者之一，她在1990年代初开始在以色列定居。乐天科恩后来认为自己是一个当代证人写她这一代的先驱移民的第三阿利亚。她的个人档案在这方面也具有学术意义，因为只有少数回忆录和文件记录了1933年之前生活在巴勒斯坦的大约2,000名讲德语的犹太人的生活，其中包括许多妇女。这个跨学科项目的目的是基于乐天科恩的个人档案，打开她在20世纪以色列建筑史上的工作背景空间，在这个源批判性研究的中心是社会学的问题，在建设犹太国家的建筑生产的意识形态和政治层面;犹太复国主义建筑师之间的专业网络的制度化;在接受建设委员会的平等机会，以及犹太复国主义建筑和城市规划的女性观点。此外，该研究项目的一个重要目标是记录第三次阿利亚的德语移民，以及他们对在以色列埃雷兹建立犹太人家园的贡献。正在开发一个数据库。