Tectonic control of the carbon cycle and climate: Resolving the effects of global spreading-rate variations with high temporal resolution over the past 20 Myr
碳循环和气候的构造控制:以高时间分辨率解决过去20马里全球扩散率变化的影响
基本信息
- 批准号:1737109
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 41.74万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Standard Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-08-15 至 2022-07-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Plate tectonics elevates mountain chains, rearranges connections between the ocean basins, redistributes gasses between the Earth's mantle and surface, and can affect the Earth's climate at a variety of timescales. Volcanism, most of which occurs as a consequence of plate tectonics, releases carbon dioxide (CO2) into the atmosphere. The first-order control on this degassing comes from volcanism associated with seafloor spreading and crustal construction at mid-ocean ridges and volcanism at subduction zones. Therefore, it is likely that changes in the rate of seafloor spreading can cause changes in the atmospheric CO2 concentration over time. This project seeks to investigate the role of seafloor spreading in contributing to a global cooling of 8-10 degrees C that began around 16 million years ago and continued for at least 12 million years. Variations in spreading rate along the global mid-ocean ridge system over the past 20 Myr will be reconstructed. These records will be used to estimate the rates of oceanic crustal production and CO2 degassing during crustal production. The estimates of CO2 degassing can be compared to changes in ocean temperature over this time. Results will be put into models of the carbon cycle to assess the impact on atmospheric CO2 levels. This project supports the training of a graduate student in geophysics and paleoclimatology. It also supports the training of undergraduate students, and the project will lead to a new course at Brown University.This project will produce the first synthesis of global seafloor spreading rates and ocean crustal production for the past 20 Myr using newly available plate reconstructions at high temporal resolution, global compilations of seafloor fabric and magnetic anomalies, and the recently derived astronomical timescale for magnetic polarity reversals over this time period. The astronomical timescale provides a highly precise independent dating system that avoids the need to assume constancy of seafloor spreading between (coarsely spaced) radiometric tie points and the need to choose a particular ridge system as a template. New paleotemperature estimates via the alkenone method will permit a continuous reconstruction of ocean temperatures 0-20 Myr. Results will be integrated into a global carbon cycle model with the aim of testing the hypothesis that a global slowing of spreading rates caused atmospheric CO2 levels to fall by several hundred ppm since ~14 Myr and led to global cooling.
板块构造抬升了山脉,重新排列了海洋盆地之间的联系,重新分配了地幔和地表之间的气体,并可以在各种时间尺度上影响地球的气候。火山活动,大部分是板块构造的结果,向大气中释放二氧化碳(CO2)。对这种脱气的一级控制来自与海底扩张和洋中脊地壳构造有关的火山作用和俯冲带的火山作用。因此,海底扩张速度的变化很可能会导致大气中二氧化碳浓度随时间的变化。该项目旨在调查海底扩张在全球变冷8-10摄氏度中的作用,这种变冷始于大约1600万年前,并持续了至少1200万年。将重建过去20myr期间沿全球洋中脊系统扩散速率的变化。这些记录将用于估计海洋地壳产生的速率和地壳产生过程中的二氧化碳脱气。二氧化碳脱气的估计值可以与这段时间内海洋温度的变化进行比较。结果将被放入碳循环模型中,以评估对大气二氧化碳水平的影响。本项目支持培养一名地球物理与古气候学研究生。它还支持本科生的培训,该项目将导致布朗大学开设一门新课程。该项目将利用最新的高时间分辨率板块重建、全球海底结构和磁异常汇编,以及最近导出的这一时期磁极反转的天文时间尺度,首次合成过去20 Myr的全球海底扩张速率和海洋地壳生产。天文时间标度提供了一个高度精确的独立测年系统,避免了假设海底分布在(大致间隔的)辐射结点之间的稳定性,也避免了选择一个特定的脊系统作为模板的需要。通过烯酮法估算出的新古温度值将允许连续重建0- 20myr的海洋温度。研究结果将被整合到一个全球碳循环模型中,其目的是验证一个假设,即全球扩散速度的放缓导致大气中二氧化碳含量自14myr以来下降了几百ppm,并导致全球变冷。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Very high Middle Miocene surface productivity on the U.S. mid-Atlantic shelf amid glacioeustatic sea level variability
在冰川海平面变化的情况下,美国大西洋中部大陆架的中中新世表面生产力非常高
- DOI:10.1016/j.palaeo.2022.111249
- 发表时间:2022
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:Robinson, Marci M.;Dowsett, Harry J.;Herbert, Timothy D.
- 通讯作者:Herbert, Timothy D.
Tectonic degassing drove global temperature trends since 20 Ma
- DOI:10.1126/science.abl4353
- 发表时间:2022-07-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:56.9
- 作者:Herbert, Timothy D.;Dalton, Colleen A.;Wilson, Douglas S.
- 通讯作者:Wilson, Douglas S.
Bihemispheric Warming in the Miocene Climatic Optimum as Seen From the Danish North Sea
- DOI:10.1029/2020pa003935
- 发表时间:2020-10-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.5
- 作者:Herbert, Timothy D.;Rose, Rebecca;Sliwinska, Kasia K.
- 通讯作者:Sliwinska, Kasia K.
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Colleen Dalton其他文献
Colleen Dalton的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Colleen Dalton', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Towards a new framework for interpreting mantle deformation: integrating theory, experiments, and observations spanning seismic to convective timescales
合作研究:建立解释地幔变形的新框架:整合从地震到对流时间尺度的理论、实验和观测
- 批准号:
2218542 - 财政年份:2022
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Seismological studies of cratonic lithosphere: investigating lithospheric rheology, heat flow beneath ice sheets, and the origin of mid-lithospheric discontinuities
克拉通岩石圈的地震学研究:研究岩石圈流变学、冰盖下的热流以及岩石圈中部不连续面的起源
- 批准号:
2044136 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
CAREER: Illuminating the Tectonic History of North America with Seismic Models of Shear Attenuation and Velocity
职业:用剪切衰减和速度的地震模型阐明北美的构造历史
- 批准号:
1553367 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
High-resolution seismic models of the upper mantle beneath the Indian Ocean
印度洋下上地幔的高分辨率地震模型
- 批准号:
1435751 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating Temperature, Melting, and Mantle Flow in the North American Upper Mantle with 3-D Models of Shear Velocity, Radial Anisotropy, and Attenuation
合作研究:利用剪切速度、径向各向异性和衰减的 3D 模型研究北美上地幔的温度、熔化和地幔流动
- 批准号:
1444421 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Surface wave and body wave modeling of attenuation in the mantle transition zone
合作研究:地幔过渡区衰减的表面波和体波建模
- 批准号:
1444432 - 财政年份:2014
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating Temperature, Melting, and Mantle Flow in the North American Upper Mantle with 3-D Models of Shear Velocity, Radial Anisotropy, and Attenuation
合作研究:利用剪切速度、径向各向异性和衰减的 3D 模型研究北美上地幔的温度、熔化和地幔流动
- 批准号:
1252069 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Surface wave and body wave modeling of attenuation in the mantle transition zone
合作研究:地幔过渡区衰减的表面波和体波建模
- 批准号:
0944148 - 财政年份:2011
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Investigating the limits of ray-based global surface-wave tomography
合作研究:研究基于射线的全局表面波断层扫描的局限性
- 批准号:
0910803 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Variations in Upper-Mantle Temperature, Deformation, and Melting Inferred from the Seismic Structure of the Atlantic Basin
合作研究:从大西洋盆地地震结构推断上地幔温度、变形和熔化的变化
- 批准号:
0838180 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 41.74万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
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