INFEWS/T3: Closing the Loop: An Integrated, Tunable, and Sustainable Management System for Improved Energy, Nutrient, and Water Recovery from Biowastes

INFEWS/T3：闭环：一个集成的、可调节的、可持续的管理系统，用于改善生物废物中的能源、养分和水回收

• 批准号: 1739884
• 负责人: Yuanzhi Tang
• 金额: $ 243.1万
• 依托单位: Georgia Tech Research Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-15 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1739884&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: INFEWS; T3; Closing; Loop; Integrated

Phosphorus is an element that, along with nitrogen and potassium, has enabled large increases in food production in the U.S. and globally. Phosphorus is mined from natural deposits, but these deposits are diminishing. Contemporary reports indicate that there is a pending phosphorus crisis, as global supplies dwindle and demand for food increases. Currently, the utilization of phosphorus for fertilizer is energy intensive and expensive. Phosphorus supply is limited, and its recovery from food and other wastes and water bodies is virtually non-existent. Traditionally, agricultural production has been optimized with little or no consideration of the losses of phosphorus beyond its use in producing crops. This practice leads to large energy needs for fertilizer production and for treatment of phosphorus waste in agricultural run-off, and food and animal wastes. The other side to this problem is that some phosphorus applied to agricultural fields is lost to lakes and rivers causing considerable environmental damage. These phosphorus issues significantly influence our food, energy, and water (FEW) systems. Two key approaches to achieve sustainable phosphorus management are agriculture fertilization systems that more efficiently use phosphorous for plant growth and systems that recover phosphorus from food and animal wastes and from biowastes in contaminated water. Unfortunately, we do not have suitable recovery systems due to technological limitations and economic and infrastructure constraints. This project aims to develop an integrated and sustainable management structure that can simultaneously address the major technical challenges in biowaste management and agriculture fertilization systems. This management structure will enable recovery of phosphorous, energy, and water, thus increasing resource use efficiency and providing a new source of phosphorus for agricultural food production. This project integrates novel technologies in multiple fields, including hydrothermal treatment, anaerobic digestion, membrane distillation, struvite production, and magnetic nanoparticle separation to collect and recycle more phosphorous as struvite. The various systems are being analyzed and optimized to fit a number of waste-stream settings in order to reduce overall energy input. This approach offers many benefits such as reduced waste volume, decontamination of pathogens, as well as the production of clean water, energy, and slow release fertilizers. The method is also sufficiently flexible to accommodate different biowaste feedstocks and tunable to produce different recycled nutrient, energy, and water products, sustainable with low resource and energy input, and scalable to suit different levels of management needs. This system is being developed and tested at bench scale, up-scaled to prototype level, and optimized through systems modeling. Crop utilization efficiency and soil retention of the produced struvite fertilizers are being evaluated by growing corn, soybean, and wheat in both potted greenhouse experiments and in field trials. In order to identify the costs and benefits of these combined waste and fertilization management techniques, the researchers are performing a life cycle assessment (LCA) of the phosphorous removed from the various waste streams and recycled for agricultural applications. This analysis includes an evaluation of the phosphorous recovery and recycling efficiency, examination of the overall energy balance of the systems, a cost estimation of the systems, and an environmental assessment of the system. The project is combining student and postdoctoral researcher training with undergraduate education and promoting STEM research in underrepresented groups and K-12 education on integrated approaches to promote sustainable communities. Finally, the project is promoting awareness, knowledge, and practice of "Sustainability at the FEW Nexus" to a broad range of audiences including both academic and public sectors.

磷是一种元素，与氮和钾一起，沿着使美国和全球粮食产量大幅增加。磷是从天然矿藏中开采出来的，但这些矿藏正在减少。当代的报告表明，随着全球供应量的减少和对粮食需求的增加，磷危机迫在眉睫。目前，将磷用于肥料是能源密集型的且昂贵的。磷的供应有限，从食物和其他废物以及水体中回收磷的情况几乎不存在。传统上，农业生产的优化很少或根本没有考虑除了用于农作物生产之外的磷损失。这种做法导致化肥生产和处理农业径流中的磷废物以及食物和动物废物需要大量能源。这个问题的另一面是，一些施用于农田的磷流失到湖泊和河流中，造成相当大的环境破坏。这些磷问题严重影响我们的食物，能源和水（FEW）系统。实现可持续磷管理的两个关键方法是更有效地利用磷促进植物生长的农业施肥系统和从食物和动物废物以及受污染水中的生物废物中回收磷的系统。不幸的是，由于技术限制以及经济和基础设施的限制，我们没有适当的回收系统。该项目旨在建立一个综合和可持续的管理结构，能够同时应对生物废物管理和农业施肥系统方面的主要技术挑战。这种管理结构将能够回收磷、能源和水，从而提高资源利用效率，并为农业食品生产提供新的磷源。该项目整合了多个领域的新技术，包括水热处理、厌氧消化、膜蒸馏、鸟粪石生产和磁性纳米颗粒分离，以收集和回收更多的磷作为鸟粪石。正在对各种系统进行分析和优化，以适应一些废物流的设置，以减少总的能源投入。这种方法提供了许多好处，如减少废物量，病原体的净化，以及清洁水，能源和缓释肥料的生产。该方法也足够灵活，以适应不同的生物废物原料和可调，以产生不同的回收养分，能源和水产品，可持续的低资源和能源投入，并可扩展，以适应不同层次的管理需求。该系统正在开发和试验台规模，扩大到原型水平，并通过系统建模优化。通过盆栽温室试验和田间试验，对生产的鸟粪石肥料的作物利用效率和土壤保持性进行了评价。为了确定这些结合废物和施肥管理技术的成本和效益，研究人员正在对从各种废物流中去除并回收用于农业应用的磷进行生命周期评估（LCA）。 该分析包括磷回收和再循环效率的评价，系统的总体能量平衡的检查，系统的成本估计，以及系统的环境评估。该项目将学生和博士后研究人员培训与本科教育相结合，并促进代表性不足群体的STEM研究和K-12教育，以综合方法促进可持续社区。最后，该项目正在向包括学术界和公共部门在内的广泛受众宣传“少数民族联系的可持续性”的意识、知识和做法。

项目成果

The effect of biochar nanoparticles on rice plant growth and the uptake of heavy metals: Implications for agronomic benefits and potential risk

生物炭纳米粒子对水稻生长和重金属​​吸收的影响：对农艺效益和潜在风险的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.11.364
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Science of the Total Environment
• 影响因子: 9.8
• 作者: Yue Le;Lian Fei;Han Yang;Bao Qiongli;Wang Zhengyu;Xing Baoshan
• 通讯作者: Xing Baoshan

Transformation Kinetics of Phosphorus and Nitrogen in Iron-Rich Sewage Sludges during Hydrothermal Treatment and Recovery of Nutrients from Process Water

• DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.1c03452
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
• 影响因子: 8.4
• 作者: Qian Wang;Haesung Jung;B. Wan;Pan Liu;Peng Yang;Yuanzhi Tang

Novel Janus Membrane for Membrane Distillation with Simultaneous Fouling and Wetting Resistance

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b02848
• 发表时间: 2017-11-21
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Huang, Yu-Xi;Wang, Zhangxin;Lin, Shihong
• 通讯作者: Lin, Shihong

Probing Pore Wetting in Membrane Distillation Using Impedance: Early Detection and Mechanism of Surfactant-Induced Wetting

• DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.7b00372
• 发表时间: 2017-11-01
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LETTERS
• 影响因子: 10.9
• 作者: Chen, Yuanmiaoliang;Wang, Zhangxin;Lin, Shihong
• 通讯作者: Lin, Shihong

Quantifying the kinetics-energetics performance tradeoff in bipolar membrane electrodialysis

• DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2020.118279
• 发表时间: 2020-10-15
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
• 影响因子: 9.5
• 作者: Lu, Huixia;Wang, Li;Lin, Shihong
• 通讯作者: Lin, Shihong