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Labor Migration and Effects of Remittances and Commodity Enclosures on Industrial Agriculture and Forest Landscapes

劳动力迁移以及汇款和商品圈地对工业化农业和森林景观的影响

基本信息

批准号：
1740135
负责人：
Nancy Peluso
金额：
$ 45万
依托单位：
University of California-Berkeley
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1740135&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Labor Migration Effects Remittances Commodity

项目摘要

This project examines the interactive effects of circular labor migration and large-scale commodity enclosures on land use, land cover, and resource control. Circular labor migration and the mobility of capital are tremendously important for rural livelihoods and landscape formation around the world as millions of people and substantial funds regularly move long distances between home and work. Migration remittances are infusing cash into rural areas, causing shifts in local labor regimes and household accumulation strategies and generating shifts in land use and land cover. Concurrently, governments and corporate investors acquiring land for large-scale production of agricultural and forest commodities alter landscape composition and rural employment opportunities. Yet, little is known about interactions between labor migration and commodity concessions, including the effects of migration and remittances on land use and land cover in and around plantations. This research merges approaches from political and land change science to tackle understudied questions about the biophysical and social effects of labor migration and land use change. Findings from the research will be informative for government policy, NGO assistance strategies, and institutional practices concerned with economic development, transnational migration, and resource management. The research examines how labor migration and large-scale commodity plantations interact and reshape processes of land cover and land use change (LCLUC) in regions where industrial agriculture and forestry concessions are expanding rapidly. By combining remote sensing with ethnographic and other social science approaches, it assesses (i) how large-scale concessions affect patterns and rates of labor migration from rural areas, (ii) how labor migration influences household labor allocation and new resource investments, and (iii) how resource investments enabled by remittances from migration produce measurable changes in land use and cover. These objectives are investigated at multiple scales (districts, villages, and households) in four provinces where large-scale land acquisitions are present and labor migration is an important household livelihood strategy. The investigators collaborate with local researchers in each site and coordinate efforts through annual data sharing, planning, and training workshops.

该项目研究了循环劳动力迁移和大规模商品圈地对土地利用、土地覆盖和资源控制的交互影响。劳动力循环流动和资本流动对于世界各地农村生计和景观形成极其重要，因为数百万人和大量资金经常在家庭和工作地点之间进行长距离流动。移民汇款正在向农村地区注入现金，导致当地劳动制度和家庭积累策略发生变化，并导致土地利用和土地覆盖发生变化。与此同时，政府和企业投资者收购土地以大规模生产农业和林业商品，改变了景观构成和农村就业机会。然而，人们对劳动力移民和商品特许权之间的相互作用知之甚少，包括移民和汇款对种植园及其周围土地利用和土地覆盖的影响。这项研究融合了政治和土地变化科学的方法，以解决有关劳动力移民和土地利用变化的生物物理和社会影响的未充分研究的问题。研究结果将为政府政策、非政府组织援助战略以及与经济发展、跨国移民和资源管理有关的机构实践提供信息。该研究探讨了在工业化农业和林业特许权迅速扩张的地区，劳动力移民和大型商品种植园如何相互作用并重塑土地覆盖和土地利用变化（LCLUC）的过程。通过将遥感与人种学和其他社会科学方法相结合，它评估了（i）大规模特许权如何影响农村地区劳动力迁移的模式和比率，（ii）劳动力迁移如何影响家庭劳动力分配和新资源投资，以及（iii）移民汇款带来的资源投资如何产生土地利用和覆盖的可衡量变化。这些目标在存在大规模征地且劳动力迁移是重要的家庭生计策略的四个省份的多个尺度（区、村庄和家庭）进行了调查。研究人员与每个地点的当地研究人员合作，并通过年度数据共享、规划和培训研讨会来协调工作。