Population-specific patterns of heritability and integration in the human dentition

人类牙列的遗传性和整合的特定人群模式

• 批准号: 1750089
• 负责人: Christopher Stojanowski
• 金额: $ 40.07万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-03-15 至 2023-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1750089&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Population; specific; patterns; heritability; integration

Teeth are an extraordinary resource for paleoanthropologists and archaeologists. They preserve well in the fossil and archaeological records, and contain a great deal of information about diet, environment, growth and development, and relatedness among populations or species. However, the underlying biological processes influencing diversity in tooth form have yet to be fully established. This project uses dental cast samples and family genealogies from diverse bioregional samples to better understand the factors that influence the expression of shape characteristics on an individual tooth, among teeth within an individual's dentition, and among human populations. The findings from this project will advance knowledge about how tooth formation is shaped by genes, development, and childhood environment. The investigators will create an archive of high resolution 3D tooth scans and anonymized genealogies that will be hosted online and made freely available to a global network of scholars. This archive will enhance the research and educational infrastructure for not only biologists and anthropologists, but also clinical dentists, orthodontists, and forensic odontologists who conduct primary research in applied fields. Additionally, the work supports undergraduate and graduate student training at Arizona State University, a diverse and inclusive environment with a high representation of Hispanic and Native American students.This research uses measurements and observations on the crests, cusps, and furrows that characterize mammalian tooth crowns. Despite their use by numerous scholars across diverse fields, we still do not fully understand how the process of tooth formation is genetically controlled and how different teeth within the dentition are integrated with respect to developmental processes that include both genetic and non-genetic factors. In this project, 150-250 observations will be collected from each of approximately 3,000 individuals from five samples representing distinct modern human populations. Quantitative genetic analyses will be used to estimate the relative contribution of genes and environment in determining variation in tooth size and shape (heritability). Estimates of genetic correlation (pleiotropy) among dimensions and shape variables will define how an organism forms similar tissues (teeth) at different times (in-utero versus early childhood) under the same developmental program and with input from overlapping genetic factors. These estimates will be compared across the five populations to assess whether a general human pattern is evident, and if not, to determine what factors explain disparities between populations. Results will yield insights into how researchers can use dental data as a genetic proxy measure, with an emphasis on the use of teeth from archaeological or forensic contexts.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

牙齿是古人类学家和考古学家的宝贵资源。它们在化石和考古记录中保存得很好，包含了大量关于饮食、环境、生长发育以及种群或物种之间的亲缘关系的信息。然而，影响牙齿形态多样性的潜在生物过程尚未完全确定。该项目使用来自不同生物区域样本的牙齿铸型样本和家谱，以更好地了解影响单个牙齿、单个牙列内的牙齿以及人群中形状特征表达的因素。这个项目的发现将促进对牙齿形成如何受基因、发育和儿童环境影响的认识。研究人员将创建一个高分辨率3D牙齿扫描和匿名家谱的档案，该档案将在网上托管，并免费提供给全球学者网络。这个档案将加强研究和教育基础设施，不仅生物学家和人类学家，而且临床牙医，正畸医生，法医牙科学谁进行应用领域的初步研究。此外，这项工作还支持亚利桑那州立大学的本科生和研究生培训，亚利桑那州立大学是一个多元化和包容性的环境，西班牙裔和美洲原住民学生的比例很高。这项研究使用测量和观察的冠，尖，和沟，表征哺乳动物的牙冠。尽管许多学者在不同领域使用它们，但我们仍然不完全了解牙齿形成过程是如何受到遗传控制的，以及牙列内不同的牙齿是如何在包括遗传和非遗传因素的发育过程中整合在一起的。在这个项目中，将从代表不同现代人类种群的五个样本中大约3000个人中收集150-250个观察结果。定量遗传分析将用于估计基因和环境在决定牙齿大小和形状变异（遗传力）方面的相对贡献。对尺寸和形状变量之间的遗传相关性（多效性）的估计将定义在相同的发育程序和重叠遗传因素的输入下，生物体如何在不同时间（子宫内与幼儿期）形成相似的组织（牙齿）。这些估计将在五个种群中进行比较，以评估是否存在普遍的人类模式，如果不是，则确定是什么因素解释了种群之间的差异。结果将使研究人员能够深入了解如何使用牙齿数据作为遗传代理措施，重点是使用考古或法医背景下的牙齿。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Quantitative genetic analyses of postcanine morphological crown variation

犬后形态冠变异的定量遗传分析

• DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.23778
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: American Journal of Physical Anthropology
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Stojanowski, Christopher M.;Paul, Kathleen S.;Seidel, Andrew C.;Duncan, William N.;Guatelli‐Steinberg, Debbie
• 通讯作者: Guatelli‐Steinberg, Debbie

Towards an interdisciplinary perspective for the study of human expansions and biocultural diversity in the Americas

以跨学科视角研究美洲人类扩张和生物文化多样性

• DOI: 10.1002/evan.21937
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: and Reviews
• 作者: Menéndez, Lumila P.;Paul, Kathleen S.;de la Fuente, Constanza;Almeida, Tatiana;Delgado, Miguel;Figueiro, Gonzalo;Jorgensen, Kelsey;Kuzminsky, Susan;López‐Sosa, María Clara;Nichols, Johanna
• 通讯作者: Nichols, Johanna