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CAREER: Development and Applications of Photocontrolled Cationic Polymerizations

职业：光控阳离子聚合的开发和应用

基本信息

批准号：
1752140
负责人：
Brett Fors
金额：
$ 67.5万
依托单位：
Cornell University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-02-01 至 2023-01-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1752140&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Development Applications Photocontrolled Cationic

项目摘要

Professor Brett P. Fors of Cornell University is supported by the Macromolecular, Supramolecular, and Nanochemistry (MSN) program of the Division of Chemistry to develop new synthetic methods for the preparation of polymers with control over chemical structures and properties. This approach takes advantage of interesting characteristics of visible light to enable the synthesis of previously inaccessible polymer architectures. The properties of polymeric materials are directly controlled by chemical structure and the methods developed in this project enable the synthesis and utilization of improved polymeric materials for applications in adhesives, elastomers, and electronics. Educational activities are integrated into this project. The focus of these activities is on the development of a polymer science summer camp that exposes Native American students to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) education and research at an early age. The objective is to stimulate the interest of Native American students in STEM related fields.The project develops a cationic polymerization process for vinyl ethers that is regulated by visible light through the reversible oxidation of a polymer chain end with a photocatalyst. Precise spatial and temporal control over polymer chain growth is achieved by the photoinitiated reversible formation of a propagating cation. This cationic polymerization process is being used in combination with other photocontrolled radical polymerization processes to enable switching between different polymerization mechanisms. Monomer selectivity in situ is achieved by modulating the wavelength of irradiation. This protocol provides control over polymer sequence with an external stimulus and allows the synthesis of previously inaccessible polymer structures. Additionally, similar strategies are being developed for photocontrolled polymerization of epoxides, thus extending the scope and expanding the practicality of this approach. Synthetic polymers are of importance in all aspects of modern life and have facilitated major societal advances. Innovative synthetic methods are required to enable the synthesis of complex materials with unknown function. Photocontrolled cationic processes allow for the development of new polymeric structures with previously inaccessible architectures. Importantly, high levels of spatial and temporal control gained in photocontrolled polymerizations facilitate the application of these new methods in fields such as lithography, coatings, and biology. This award enables the establishment of a polymer science camp on the Flathead Indian Reservation in collaboration with the Salish and Kootenai College. This summer camp introduces Native American students to research activities at an early age in order to increase their interest and participation in STEM fields. Additionally, through workshops for teachers on the Flathead Indian Reservation the quality of STEM related education increases for elementary and middle school Native American students. These efforts contribute to creating a diverse STEM workforce in the United States.

康奈尔大学的Brett P. Fors教授得到了化学系大分子、超分子和纳米化学（MSN）项目的支持，以开发新的合成方法来制备具有化学结构和性能控制的聚合物。这种方法利用了可见光的有趣特性，使以前无法获得的聚合物结构的合成成为可能。聚合物材料的性能直接由化学结构控制，本项目开发的方法能够合成和利用改进的聚合物材料，用于粘合剂，弹性体和电子产品。教育活动已纳入该项目。这些活动的重点是开发一个聚合物科学夏令营，让美国原住民学生从小就接受科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）教育和研究。该项目旨在激发美国原住民学生对STEM相关领域的兴趣。该项目开发了一种乙烯基醚的阳离子聚合工艺，该工艺通过光催化剂对聚合物链端进行可逆氧化，由可见光调节。精确的空间和时间控制聚合物链的增长是通过光引发的可逆形成一个传播的阳离子。这种阳离子聚合方法与其他光控自由基聚合方法结合使用，以实现不同聚合机制之间的切换。通过调制照射波长来实现原位的分子选择性。该协议提供了控制聚合物序列与外部刺激，并允许合成以前无法访问的聚合物结构。此外，类似的策略正在开发用于环氧化物的光控聚合，从而扩展了这种方法的范围和实用性。合成聚合物在现代生活的各个方面都很重要，并促进了重大的社会进步。需要创新的合成方法来合成具有未知功能的复杂材料。光控阳离子过程允许开发具有以前无法访问的架构的新的聚合物结构。重要的是，在光控聚合中获得的高水平的空间和时间控制促进了这些新方法在诸如光刻、涂层和生物学等领域的应用。该奖项使我们能够与Salish和Kootenai学院合作，在平头印第安人保留地建立一个聚合物科学营地。这个夏令营介绍了美洲原住民学生在早期的研究活动，以提高他们的兴趣和参与STEM领域。此外，通过为平头印第安人保留地的教师举办讲习班，提高了小学和中学美洲土著学生的STEM相关教育质量。这些努力有助于在美国创造多元化的STEM劳动力。