Nuclear Physics Studies at Fermilab and PSI

费米实验室和 PSI 的核物理研究

• 批准号: 1807338
• 负责人: Wolfgang Lorenzon
• 金额: $ 112.5万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2022-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1807338&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Nuclear; Physics; Studies; Fermilab; PSI

The main physics program supported by this grant is directed at the study of those properties of nucleons and nuclei that are influenced by the size of the proton. As the proton is a nucleon, and one of the principal components of nuclei, knowing its size precisely is critical to understanding fundamental nuclear structure. Yet measurement of the proton's size through two independent means has yielded different results. The source of this difference has been a 10-year old puzzle that this project hopes to solve. Research will be carried out at two places: one at the Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab) near Chicago as part of a collaboration called SeaQuest, and the other at the Paul Scherrer Institute near Zurich, Switzerland, as part of a collaboration called MUSE. Education and training of both undergraduate and graduate students, as well as outreach aimed at the general public, is an important aspect of this research program. The experiment at Fermilab is focused on Drell-Yan production of dimuon pairs to determine the light anti-quark distributions in the nucleon. It will provide a better understanding how light anti-quarks are distributed in unpolarized and polarized nucleons, and how orbital angular momentum might contribute to the nucleon spin. This information will provide direct input to theoretical models of the proton, and shed light on the origin of the proton's spin. The MUSE experiment will simultaneously measure elastic scattering with electrons and muons off protons which is afforded by a beam that contains positively and negatively charged electrons, muons and pions. The experiment aims to resolve the unexplained large discrepancy of the size of the proton measured with electron and muon scattering. This discrepancy was entirely unexpected, as the proton's size should not depend on whether it is measured with electrons or muons. This approach has never been attempted before. In addition, the Michigan group will lead the operation of a liquid hydrogen target at the MUSE experiment, and lead the analysis effort at the SeaQuest experiment.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该基金支持的主要物理学项目旨在研究受质子大小影响的核子和原子核的性质。 由于质子是核子，也是原子核的主要组成部分之一，因此精确地知道它的大小对于理解基本的原子核结构至关重要。 然而，通过两种独立的方法测量质子的大小却得到了不同的结果。 这种差异的来源是一个10年前的难题，这个项目希望解决这个问题。研究将在两个地方进行：一个在芝加哥附近的费米国家加速器实验室（Fermilab），作为SeaQuest合作的一部分，另一个在瑞士苏黎世附近的Paul Scherrer研究所，作为MUSE合作的一部分。本科生和研究生的教育和培训，以及针对公众的推广，是这个研究计划的一个重要方面。费米实验室的实验主要是通过Drell-Yan双μ子对的产生来确定核子中的轻反夸克分布。 它将提供一个更好的理解如何轻反夸克分布在非极化和极化核子，以及如何轨道角动量可能有助于核子自旋。这些信息将为质子的理论模型提供直接输入，并阐明质子自旋的起源。MUSE实验将同时测量质子与电子和μ子的弹性散射，这是由包含带正电和带负电的电子、μ子和π子的光束提供的。 该实验旨在解决用电子和μ子散射测量的质子大小的无法解释的巨大差异。 这种差异完全出乎意料，因为质子的大小不应该取决于它是用电子还是μ子测量的。这种方法以前从未尝试过。 此外，密歇根大学的研究小组将在MUSE实验中领导液氢靶的操作，并在SeaQuest实验中领导分析工作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Timing detectors with SiPM read-out for the MUSE experiment at PSI

用于 PSI 的 MUSE 实验的具有 SiPM 读出功能的定时探测器

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2020.164801
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 作者: Rostomyan, T.;Cline, E.;Lavrukhin, I.;Atac, H.;Atencio, A.;Bernauer, J.C.;Briscoe, W.J.;Cohen, D.;Cohen, E.O.;Collicott, C.
• 通讯作者: Collicott, C.

Azimuthal single- and double-spin asymmetries in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering by transversely polarized protons

• DOI: 10.1007/jhep12(2020)010
• 发表时间: 2020-07
• 期刊: Journal of High Energy Physics
• 影响因子: 5.4
• 作者: A. Airapetian;N. Akopov;Z. Akopov;E. Aschenauer;W. Augustyniak;R. Avakian;A. Bacchetta;S. Belostotski;V. Bryzgalov;G. Capitani;E. Cisbani;G. Ciullo;M. Contalbrigo;W. Deconinck;R. De Leo;E. De Sanctis;M. Diefenthaler;P. Di Nezza;M. Düren;G. Elbakian;F. Ellinghaus;A. Fantoni;L. Felawka;G. Gavrilov;V. Gharibyan;D. Hasch;Y. Holler;A. Ivanilov;H. Jackson;S. Joosten;R. Kaiser;G. Karyan;E. Kinney;A. Kisselev;V. Kozlov;P. Kravchenko;L. Lagamba;L. Lapik'as;I. Lehmann;P. Lenisa;W. Lorenzon;S. Manaenkov;B. Mariański;H. Marukyan;Y. Miyachi;A. Movsisyan;V. Muccifora;Y. Naryshkin;A. Nass;G. Nazaryan;W. Nowak;L. Pappalardo;P. Reimer;A. Reolon;C. Riedl;K. Rith;G. Rosner;A. Rostomyan;J. Rubin;D. Ryckbosch;A. Schäfer;G. Schnell;B. Seitz;T. Shibata;V. Shutov;M. Statera;A. Terkulov;M. Tytgat;Y. Van Haarlem;C. Van Hulse;D. Veretennikov;I. Vilardi;S. Yaschenko;D. Zeiler;B. Zihlmann;P. Żupránski

Characterization of muon and electron beams in the Paul Scherrer Institute PiM1 channel for the MUSE experiment

Paul Scherrer 研究所 PiM1 通道中用于 MUSE 实验的 μ 子束和电子束表征

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevc.105.055201
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Physical Review C
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Cline, E.;Lin, W.;Roy, P.;Reimer, P. E.;Mesick, K. E.;Akmal, A.;Alie, A.;Atac, H.;Atencio, A.;Ayerbe Gayoso, C.
• 通讯作者: Ayerbe Gayoso, C.

Beam-helicity asymmetries for single-hadron production in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering from unpolarized hydrogen and deuterium targets

• DOI: 10.1016/j.physletb.2019.134886
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: Physics Letters B
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: A. Airapetian;N. Akopov;Z. Akopov;E. Aschenauer;W. Augustyniak;S. Belostotski;H. Blok;V. Bryzgalov;G. Capitani;E. Cisbani;G. Ciullo;M. Contalbrigo;W. Deconinck;E. De Sanctis;M. Diefenthaler;P. Di Nezza;M. Düren;G. Elbakian;F. Ellinghaus;A. Fantoni;L. Felawka;G. Gapienko;F. Garibaldi;G. Gavrilov;V. Gharibyan;A. Hillenbrand;Y. Holler;A. Ivanilov;H. Jackson;S. Joosten;R. Kaiser;G. Karyan;E. Kinney;A. Kisselev;V. Korotkov;V. Kozlov;P. Kravchenko;L. Lagamba;L. Lapik'as;I. Lehmann;P. Lenisa;W. Lorenzon;S. Manaenkov;B. Mariański;H. Marukyan;A. Movsisyan;V. Muccifora;A. Nass;G. Nazaryan;W. Nowak;L. Pappalardo;A. Reolon;C. Riedl;K. Rith;G. Rosner;A. Rostomyan;D. Ryckbosch;G. Schnell;B. Seitz;T. Shibata;V. Shutov;M. Statera;A. Terkulov;A. Trzciński;M. Tytgat;Y. Van Haarlem;C. Van Hulse;D. Veretennikov;I. Vilardi;C. Vogel;S. Yaschenko;V. Zagrebelnyy;D. Zeiler;B. Zihlmann;P. Żupránski

The SeaQuest spectrometer at Fermilab

• DOI: 10.1016/j.nima.2019.03.039
• 发表时间: 2017-06
• 期刊: Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
• 作者: SeaQuest Collaboration C. A. Aidala;J. Arrington;C. Ayuso;B. Bowen;M. Bowen;K. Bowling;A. Brown;C. Brown;R. Byrd;R. E. Carlisle;T. Chang;W. Chang;A. Chen;J.Y. Chen;D. Christian;X. Chu;B. Dannowitz;M. Daugherity;M. Diefenthaler;J. Dove;C. Durandet;Lamiaa El Fassi;E. Erdos;D. Fox;D. Geesaman;R. Gilman;Y. Goto;L. Guo;R. Guo;T. Hague;C. R. Hicks;R. Holt;D. Isenhower;X. Jiang;J. Katich;B. Kerns;E. Kinney;N. Kitts;A. Klein;D. Kleinjan;J. Kraś;Y. Kudo;P. Lin;D. Liu;K. Liu;M. Liu;W. Lorenzon;N. Makins;J. Martinez;R. McClellan;B. McDonald;P. McGaughey;S. McNease;M. M. Medeiros-M.;B. Miller;A. Miller;S. Miyasaka;Y. Miyachi;I. Mooney;D. H. Morton;B. Nadim;K. Nagai;K. Nakahara;K. Nakano;S. Nara;S. Obata;J. Peng;S. Prasad;A. Puckett;B. Ramson;R. Raymond;P. Reimer;J. Rubin;R. Salinas;F. Sanftl;S. Sawada;T. Sawada;M. Scott;L. Selensky;T. Shibata;S. Shiu;D. Su;A. Tadepalli;M. Teo;B. Tice;C. Towell;R. Towell;S. Uemura;S. Wang;S. Watson;N. White;A. Wickes;M. Wood;J. Wu;Z. Xi;Z. Ye;Y. Yin