Collaborative Research: Plasmonic lasing with two-dimensional heterostructures in the intrinsic regime

合作研究：本征状态下具有二维异质结构的等离激元激光

• 批准号: 1809361
• 负责人: James Hone
• 金额: $ 16.74万
• 依托单位: Columbia University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2021-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1809361&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Plasmonic; lasing; two

Nontechnical description: A new class of atomically thin materials, so called two dimensional semiconductors, has gained considerable interest as a viable material for optoelectronic devices such as lasers and light emitting diodes. Previous research reports that these new materials suffer from detrimental environmental interactions and material defects that result in low light emission efficiencies, thereby impeding practical applications. This project ultimately enables an efficiency and performance boost for nanoscale light sources such as nanolasers as well as novel quantum light sources that are required in upcoming technologies that use light instead of electrons to realize densely integrated information processing directly on a semiconductor chip. The research approach utilizes a promising crystal growth technique that leads to very low defect densities in two dimensional materials. The research also integrates these materials with optical devices that can focus the light into extremely small spots, leading to drastically enhanced light emission efficiency from these semiconductors. The educational activities include reaching out to underrepresented groups as well as training the next generation of scientists and engineers in materials growth, clean-room fabrication and optical characterization, and through introducing new research-based educational materials into the graduate curriculum. Technical description: Monolayer transition metal dichalcogenides are semiconductor materials that have gained considerable interest for optoelectronic and valleytronic applications but are often found to suffer from environment interactions and material defects that lead to low quantum efficiencies. This project integrates two-dimensional heterostructures featuring ultralow-disorder environments with low-group-velocity plasmonic band-edge modes in order to investigate lasing and quantum coherence signatures of on-chip nanolasers with highly-directional output. This project furthermore explores gate-tunable exciton and trion gain and realizes deterministic positioned quantum emitters coupled to plasmonic gap modes deeply in the Purcell regime. The research approach combines material growth, 2D assembly, and nanofabrication to enable transformative advances for the field of on-chip photonics and quantum information science that aims to facilitate the outstanding optical properties of "intrinsically-clean" 2D semiconductors. The integration with plasmonic nanocavities offers exciting new inroads to directly tailor the light-matter interaction in the Purcell and strong-coupling regime. Ultimately, this project enables an efficiency and performance boost for on-chip nanolasers for the integration in optical circuits, as well as for single-photon sources required for quantum information science; these are all affected by the exciton photophysics and significantly benefit by low-disorder environments, reduced material defects in flux-grown material, and plasmonic coupling to directly increase the quantum yield. The project also puts forth an outreach model that focusses on building long-term relationships with the Columbia Secondary School for Math, Science, and Engineering, a public, 6-12 school with a predominant Hispanic and African-American student population. Outreach activities to under-represented groups will leverage Stevens' institutional affiliations with organizations such as the Women in Engineering Program and the National Action Council for Minorities in Engineering (NACME).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术描述：一类新型原子薄材料，即所谓的二维半导体，作为激光和发光二极管等光电器件的可行材料，引起了相当大的兴趣。先前的研究报告称，这些新材料受到有害的环境相互作用和材料缺陷的影响，导致发光效率低，从而阻碍了实际应用。该项目最终能够提高纳米级光源（例如纳米激光器）以及新型量子光源的效率和性能，这些光源是未来使用光而不是电子直接在半导体芯片上实现密集集成信息处理的技术所需的。该研究方法利用了一种有前途的晶体生长技术，该技术可以使二维材料的缺陷密度非常低。该研究还将这些材料与光学设备集成，可以将光聚焦到极小的点上，从而大大提高这些半导体的发光效率。教育活动包括接触代表性不足的群体，以及在材料生长、洁净室制造和光学表征方面培训下一代科学家和工程师，以及将新的基于研究的教育材料引入研究生课程。技术描述：单层过渡金属二硫属化物是一种半导体材料，在光电和谷电子应用中引起了极大的兴趣，但经常发现其受到环境相互作用和材料缺陷的影响，从而导致低量子效率。该项目将具有超低无序环境的二维异质结构与低群速度等离子体带边模式集成在一起，以研究具有高方向性输出的片上纳米激光器的激光和量子相干特征。该项目还探索了栅极可调激子和三重子增益，并实现了在珀塞尔体系中深度耦合到等离子体间隙模式的确定性定位量子发射器。该研究方法结合了材料生长、二维组装和纳米加工，以实现片上光子学和量子信息科学领域的变革性进步，旨在促进“本质清洁”二维半导体的出色光学特性。与等离子体纳米腔的集成提供了令人兴奋的新进展，可以直接定制珀塞尔和强耦合体系中的光与物质相互作用。最终，该项目能够提高用于光电路集成的片上纳米激光器以及量子信息科学所需的单光子源的效率和性能；这些都受到激子光物理的影响，并显着受益于低无序环境、助焊剂生长材料中材料缺陷的减少以及直接提高量子产率的等离子体耦合。该项目还提出了一个外展模式，重点是与哥伦比亚数学、科学和工程中学建立长期关系，这是一所公立的 6-12 岁学校，学生主要是西班牙裔和非裔美国学生。针对代表性不足群体的外展活动将利用史蒂文斯与女性工程计划和国家工程少数群体行动委员会 (NACME) 等组织的机构联系。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Deterministic coupling of site-controlled quantum emitters in monolayer WSe2 to plasmonic nanocavities

• DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0275-z
• 发表时间: 2018-12-01
• 期刊: NATURE NANOTECHNOLOGY
• 影响因子: 38.3
• 作者: Luo, Yue;Shepard, Gabriella D.;Strauf, Stefan
• 通讯作者: Strauf, Stefan