Collaborative Research: Supporting Teachers in Responsive Instruction for Developing Expertise in Science

许多教师希望调整他们的教学以满足学生的学习需求，但却缺乏时间来定期评估和分析学生正在发展的理解。“响应式教学支持教师发展科学专业知识”（STRIDES）项目利用先进技术，支持科学教师在课堂上迅速回应学生的各种想法。在这个项目中，学生将使用基于网络的课程单元参与模型、模拟和虚拟实验，为基于标准的科学主题撰写多种解释。先进的技术（包括自然语言处理）将用于评估学生的书面回答，并实时总结他们的科学理解。该项目还将为教师设计规划工具，这些工具将根据对学生反应的实时分析，提出相关研究证明的教学策略建议。研究将检查教师如何利用反馈和建议来定制他们的教学。进一步，我们将研究这些教学变化如何帮助学生培养对复杂科学主题的连贯理解以及理解模型和图表的能力。研究结果将用于改进分析学生论文和生成摘要的工具；改进规划工具中的研究性教学建议加强教师在线界面。这些工具将被整合到开源、免费的在线课程单元中。在四年的时间里，STRIDES将直接惠及多达30名教师和2.4万名来自不同学校的学生。探索研究K-12计划（DRK-12）旨在通过研究和开发教学创新，显著提高pre -12学生和教师对科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）的学习和教学。DRK-12计划中的项目建立在STEM教育的基础研究和先前的研究和开发工作的基础上，为拟议的项目提供了理论和实证依据。利用自然语言处理方法的进步，该项目将分析学生的书面解释，为教师提供关于学生作业优势和劣势的细粒度总结。基于语言分析和学生导航日志，该项目将提供基于学习科学研究的教学定制，并研究教师如何使用它们来提高学生的进步。研究人员每年将进行至少10项设计或比较研究，每项研究每年最多涉及6名教师和300-600名学生。从这项研究中获得的见解将被捕获在自动评分算法、经过经验测试和改进的定制活动以及数据记录技术中，这些技术可以被其他研究和课程设计项目使用，以实现教师定制。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Many teachers want to adapt their instruction to meet student learning needs, yet lack the time to regularly assess and analyze students' developing understandings. The Supporting Teachers in Responsive Instruction for Developing Expertise in Science (STRIDES) project takes advantage of advanced technologies to support science teachers to rapidly respond to diverse student ideas in their classrooms. In this project students will use web-based curriculum units to engage with models, simulations, and virtual experiments to write multiple explanations for standards-based science topics. Advanced technologies (including natural language processing) will be used to assess students' written responses and summaries their science understanding in real-time. The project will also design planning tools for teachers that will make suggestions relevant research-proven instructional strategies based on the real-time analysis of student responses. Research will examine how teachers make use of the feedback and suggestions to customize their instruction. Further we will study how these instructional changes help students develop coherent understanding of complex science topics and ability to make sense of models and graphs. The findings will be used to refine the tools that analyze the student essays and generate the summaries; improve the research-based instructional suggestions in the planning tool; and strengthen the online interface for teachers. The tools will be incorporated into open-source, freely available online curriculum units. STRIDES will directly benefit up to 30 teachers and 24,000 students from diverse school settings over four years. The Discovery Research K-12 program (DRK-12) seeks to significantly enhance the learning and teaching of science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) by preK-12 students and teachers, through research and development of instructional innovations. Projects in the DRK-12 program build on fundamental research in STEM education and prior research and development efforts that provide theoretical and empirical justification for proposed projects. Leveraging advances in natural language processing methods, the project will analyze student written explanations to provide fine-grained summaries to teachers about strengths and weaknesses in student work. Based on the linguistic analysis and logs of student navigation, the project will then provide instructional customizations based on learning science research, and study how teachers use them to improve student progress. Researchers will annually conduct at least 10 design or comparison studies, each involving up to 6 teachers and 300-600 students per year. Insights from this research will be captured in automated scoring algorithms, empirically tested and refined customization activities, and data logging techniques that can be used by other research and curriculum design programs to enable teacher customization.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.