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Using stable isotopes to discern the advantages of tool-mediated shellfish exploitation in a monkey model system

使用稳定同位素来辨别猴子模型系统中工具介导的贝类开发的优势

基本信息

批准号：
1829315
负责人：
Nathaniel Dominy
金额：
$ 13.32万
依托单位：
Dartmouth College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-08-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829315&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Using stable isotopes discern advantages

项目摘要

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).A preference for high quality protein may have contributed to key changes in our early human ancestors. Researchers have hypothesized that early modern human consumption of marine protein (e.g., shellfish) aided the rapid dispersal of hominins from Africa, and that early stone tools enabled greater access to animal protein and fat that fueled the energetic demands of brain growth and cognition. Testing hypotheses about the importance of marine protein for early human population movements and biological adaptations has been difficult given the dearth of suitable model primate systems. However, this project has identified one such model system, a unique population of macaques that use stones to extract and eat shellfish, with individual monkeys differing in tool-use abilities. The investigators will measure relationships among shellfish consumption, protein levels in individual monkeys, and tool use, to determine how variation in technical competence with stone tools may influence protein intake. The project has broader impacts at the local, national, and international levels, including training and professional development for underrepresented students, international research collaborations with Chulalongkorn University, educational outreach in K-12 settings, and the dissemination of research findings beyond academia through various media. This project will begin to explore the fitness consequences of individual variation in stone tool use and shellfish exploitation. The investigators will use carbon and nitrogen stable isotope analysis to measure the contribution of protein from shellfish consumption to the hair protein of individual monkeys within a stone-tool using population of long-tailed macaques in Koram Island, Thailand, and quantify the benefit of tool use to protein assimilation. These objectives will be achieved by 1) measuring the carbon and nitrogen stable isotope composition of macaque hair and all food sources, and 2) combining isotopic data with behavioral data on foraging (as informative priors) in a Bayesian stable isotope mixing model to estimate the proportional contributions of protein sources to hair as a direct function of stone tool use and technical proficiency.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项全部或部分由2021年美国救援计划法案（公法117-2）资助。对高质量蛋白质的偏好可能有助于我们早期人类祖先的关键变化。研究人员假设，早期现代人类对海洋蛋白质的消费（例如，贝类）帮助了人类从非洲的快速扩散，早期的石器工具使更多的动物蛋白质和脂肪能够满足大脑生长和认知的能量需求。由于缺乏合适的灵长类动物模型，很难验证海洋蛋白质对早期人类人口流动和生物适应的重要性。然而，这个项目已经确定了一个这样的模型系统，一个独特的猕猴群体，使用石头来提取和吃贝类，个别猴子在工具使用能力上存在差异。研究人员将测量贝类消费量、个体猴子蛋白质水平和工具使用之间的关系，以确定石器技术能力的变化如何影响蛋白质摄入量。该项目在地方，国家和国际层面产生了更广泛的影响，包括为代表性不足的学生提供培训和专业发展，与朱拉隆功大学进行国际研究合作，在K-12环境中进行教育推广，以及通过各种媒体传播学术界以外的研究成果。本计画将开始探讨石器使用与贝类开发中个体差异的适应性后果。研究人员将使用碳和氮稳定同位素分析来测量贝类消费的蛋白质对泰国Koram岛长尾猕猴群体中使用石工具的个体猴子毛发蛋白质的贡献，并量化工具使用对蛋白质同化的益处。这些目标将通过以下方式实现：1）测量猕猴毛发和所有食物来源的碳和氮稳定同位素组成，结合同位素数据和觅食行为数据（作为信息先验）在贝叶斯稳定同位素混合模型，以估计比例的贡献，蛋白质来源的头发作为一个直接功能的石器工具的使用和技术熟练程度。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。