Collaborative Research: Hydrothermal Fungi in the Guaymas Basin Hydrocarbon Ecosystem

合作研究：瓜伊马斯盆地碳氢化合物生态系统中的热液真菌

• 批准号: 1829680
• 负责人: Andreas Teske
• 金额: $ 5.67万
• 依托单位: University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1829680&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Hydrothermal; Fungi; Guaymas

Fungi that can derive energy from chemicals, yet consume other organisms or organic material to obtain carbon have been reported from diverse marine subsurface samples, including from hundreds of meters below the seafloor. Evidence exists that Fungi are active in subsurface marine sediments globally, yet there is a dearth of knowledge on their role in the marine subsurface, and specifically on their role(s) in hydrocarbon degradation within deep-sea sediments. This team is isolating a broad collection of environmentally relevant filamentous Fungi and yeasts from hydrothermally-influenced and hydrocarbon-rich seep sediments of Guaymas Basin using high-throughput culture-based approaches. They aim to reveal the diversity of Fungi and Bacteria in these hydrothermal sediments, how temperature and hydrocarbon composition shape their distribution, and how Fungi cooperate to enhance the degradation of hydrocarbons by Bacteria. By hosting six undergraduates through the WHOI Summer Student Fellows program and the Woods Hole Partnership Education Program, the project contributes to increasing diversity in marine science by offering opportunities for promising undergraduates from disadvantaged populations. High school students are involved in summer projects and in intensive summer workshops. One postdoc, a graduate student, and two Research Associates are supported, and international collaborations are strengthened. The postdoc and graduate student are gaining valuable cruise-based experience. An e-lecture on Fungi and their role(s) in biodegradation of hydrocarbons will be made publicly available by the end of the project. Fungal isolates with accompanying information will be secured in a reference culture collection for long-term storage and are available to any interested researcher throughout the project.The PIs are isolating a broad collection of environmentally relevant filamentous Fungi and yeasts from hydrothermally-influenced and hydrocarbon-rich seep sediments of Guaymas Basin using high-throughput culture-based approaches, with the aim to reveal their ability to degrade individual hydrocarbons under in situ pressures and temperatures. Culture independent methods marker gene analyses are used to characterize in situ fungal and bacterial diversity and to examine how temperature and hydrocarbon composition shape fungal community composition and distribution. Traditional and comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatographic analyses are used to examine the complexities and subtle changes in inventories of hydrocarbons within sediment cores, and provide evidence for in situ microbial alteration of individual hydrocarbons. Incubation experiments are used to test the ability of fungal isolates to utilize different hydrocarbons as a sole or auxiliary carbon source under in situ pressures and temperatures and their ability to stimulate biodegradation of hydrocarbons by hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria. Expressed genes within these incubation studies tell us how Fungi and Bacteria couple metabolisms to increase overall specificity and extent of biodegradation of hydrocarbons.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

据报道，从各种海洋地下样本（包括海底以下数百米的样本）中发现真菌可以从化学品中获取能量，同时消耗其他生物体或有机材料来获取碳。 有证据表明真菌在全球地下海洋沉积物中很活跃，但人们对其在海洋地下沉积物中的作用，特别是在深海沉积物中碳氢化合物降解中的作用缺乏了解。该团队正在利用基于培养的高通量方法，从瓜伊马斯盆地受热液影响且富含碳氢化合物的渗透沉积物中分离出大量与环境相关的丝状真菌和酵母。他们的目的是揭示这些热液沉积物中真菌和细菌的多样性，温度和碳氢化合物成分如何影响其分布，以及真菌如何合作增强细菌对碳氢化合物的降解。通过 WHOI 暑期学生研究员计划和伍兹霍尔合作教育计划接待六名本科生，该项目为来自弱势群体的有前途的本科生提供机会，从而为增加海洋科学的多样性做出了贡献。 高中生参与暑期项目和强化暑期研讨会。支持一名博士后、一名研究生和两名研究员，并加强国际合作。 博士后和研究生正在获得宝贵的邮轮经验。关于真菌及其在碳氢化合物生物降解中的作用的电子讲座将在项目结束时向公众开放。真菌分离物及其附带信息将被保存在参考培养物收藏中，以便长期储存，并可供整个项目中任何感兴趣的研究人员使用。PI 正在使用基于高通量培养的方法，从瓜伊马斯盆地受热液影响且富含碳氢化合物的渗透沉积物中分离出大量与环境相关的丝状真菌和酵母，目的是揭示它们在原位降解单个碳氢化合物的能力 压力和温度。独立于培养的方法标记基因分析用于表征原位真菌和细菌多样性，并检查温度和碳氢化合物组成如何影响真菌群落组成和分布。传统的综合二维气相色谱分析用于检查沉积物岩心内碳氢化合物库存的复杂性和微妙变化，并为单个碳氢化合物的原位微生物改变提供证据。培养实验用于测试真菌分离株在原位压力和温度下利用不同碳氢化合物作为唯一或辅助碳源的能力以及它们刺激碳氢化合物降解细菌对碳氢化合物进行生物降解的能力。这些孵化研究中表达的基因告诉我们真菌和细菌如何结合新陈代谢以提高碳氢化合物生物降解的整体特异性和程度。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Deep-sea hydrothermal vent sediments reveal diverse fungi with antibacterial activities

• DOI: 10.1093/femsec/fiab103
• 发表时间: 2021-07-10
• 期刊: FEMS MICROBIOLOGY ECOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.2
• 作者: Keeler，Emma;Burgaud，Gaetan;Edgcomb，Virginia
• 通讯作者: Edgcomb，Virginia