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G-protein coupled receptors

G蛋白偶联受体

基本信息

批准号：
235201253
负责人：
Professorin Dr. Angelika A. Noegel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Biochemie I
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/235201253?language=en
关键词：
protein coupled receptors

项目摘要

GPCRs form one of the largest families of proteins that have a key role in human physiology. They allow detection and transduction of a large variety of extracellular signals such as ions, odorants, amino acids, peptides, neurotransmitters, hormones, nucleotides and fatty acids. Although they are activated by a diverse set of ligands, they share a common structural motif consisting of seven transmembrane regions. GPCRs are subdivided into six major families, but aside from their conserved secondary domain structure there is no significant sequence similarity across families. In Dictyostelium discoideum only four members of one family, the cAMP receptor/cAMP receptor-like (CRL) family, have been previously identified. Surprisingly, the genome sequence revealed numerous and diverse additional GPCRs belonging to family 2, 3 and 5 and homologs of two orphan receptors. Representatives of these families are also present in Dictyostelium fasciculatum and Polysphondylium pallidum, which are members of the early diverging Dictyostelidae groups 1 and 2, respectively. Here we want to investigate the function of RpkA and GPR89. RpkA is a member of the CRL family and homologs have been found in the plant pathogen Phythophtora and in lower metazoa. GPR89, an orphan receptor, is highly conserved. The plant homolog has been described as abscisic acid repector whereas the mammalian homolog was identified as chloride channel in the Golgi.

GPCRs是在人类生理学中起关键作用的最大的蛋白质家族之一。它们允许检测和转导多种细胞外信号，如离子、气味、氨基酸、多肽、神经递质、激素、核苷酸和脂肪酸。尽管它们被一组不同的配体激活，但它们共享一个共同的结构基序，由七个跨膜区组成。GPCRs被细分为六个主要家族，但除了它们保守的二级结构域结构外，各家族之间没有显著的序列相似性。在盘状网柄菌中，只有一个家族的四个成员被鉴定出来，即cAMP受体/cAMP受体样(CRL)家族。令人惊讶的是，基因组序列显示了大量和多样化的属于家族2、3和5的额外GPCR以及两个孤儿受体的同源物。这些家族的代表也存在于束网柄菌属和梅花网柄菌属，它们分别是早期发散的网柄菌科1和2组的成员。这里我们想要研究RpkA和GPR89的功能。RpkA是CRL家族的成员，已在植物病原菌Phythphtora和下部后生动物中发现了同源物。GPR89是一种孤儿受体，高度保守。植物的同源物被描述为脱落酸受体，而哺乳动物的同源物在高尔基体中被鉴定为氯离子通道。