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Optical Fiber Grating Characterization for Haptic Sensors in Minimally Invasive Diagnostics and Surgery

微创诊断和手术中触觉传感器的光纤光栅表征

基本信息

批准号：
1915971
负责人：
Thomas Gaylord
金额：
$ 37.5万
依托单位：
Georgia Tech Research Corporation
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-15 至 2022-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1915971&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Optical Fiber Grating Characterization Haptic

项目摘要

Each day in the United States, on average, 30 women die of ovarian cancer and 80 men of prostate cancer. There is a 55% greater incidence of prostate cancer in black men than in white men. A major obstacle in the fight against these cancers is conclusive early detection. Minimally invasive diagnostics provide a potential solution to this problem. However, without a sense of feel (haptic) of the relevant bodily region, the medical professional cannot make a complete informed diagnosis. This leads to lower efficacy and increased danger in some cases when compared to traditional techniques. To overcome this deficiency, fiber gratings can potentially be used as haptic feedback sensors to provide the otherwise missing sense of feeling in minimally invasive procedures. However, this promising approach is being stymied by a lack of clear information on the detailed designs needed and how to measure and verify quantitatively that the required fabrication has been achieved. Until the present, the approach to fabricate these sensors has been very rudimentary in nature. This research project takes a major step in quantitatively measuring the physical characteristics of fiber gratings and then correlating them with the needed haptic sensing capabilities. This research is directed toward expanding the safety and efficacy of minimally invasive procedures. Further, there is a significant additional dividend coming from this research. Namely, the present methodology could also be used in subsequent surgical procedures if such procedures are indicated based on the diagnostic results. Overall, this research is directed toward more accurate diagnostic procedures based on a quantitative understanding of fiber gratings and their quantitative use as haptic sensors in medical practice. This research project incorporates numerous female and minority students. Namely, 1) a program with Agnes Scott College (women's college) to provide research experiences in micro-fabrication and quantitative phase imaging,2) the NSF-funded Summer Undergraduate Research in Engineering/Science (SURE) program that gives minorities exposure to on-line journals and library databases, reference management software, and successful research approaches in quantitative phase imaging.TechnicalOvarian and prostate cancers are challenging to diagnose at their early stages. More effective diagnosis for these cancers would obviously enable improved techniques for other cancers and medical conditions as well. Minimally invasive diagnostics provide a potential solution for this problem. However, these diagnostic techniques largely lack a sense of feel (haptic) for the medical professional. Fiber optic grating sensors can potentially provide the needed haptic feedback. However, at the present time, it is not known what detailed fiber grating designs are needed and how to measure and verify quantitatively the fabricated structures. In order to address this deficiency, the goal of this research project is to apply quantitative phase imaging (QPI) to develop methodologies that will characterize concurrently the refractive index distributions and residual stress distributions in fiber gratings. The new methods being developed in this research project are extensions of the tomographic deconvolution phase microscopy (TDPM) approach conceived and first implemented at Georgia Tech. Fiber configurations to be treated include 1) single gratings in single fibers, 2) multiple gratings in multiple combined fibers, and 3) multiple gratings in multi-core fibers. These measurements represent the first concurrent determination of the cross-sectional refractive-index and stress distributions at the proposed high level of accuracy and high spatial resolution. The fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and long-period fiber gratings (LPFGs) formed by various processes are further being analyzed to provide insights into the effects of fabrication on the performance of these gratings as a haptic feedback sensors.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在美国，平均每天有30名女性死于卵巢癌，80名男性死于前列腺癌。黑人男性的前列腺癌发病率比白色男性高55%。与这些癌症作斗争的一个主要障碍是决定性的早期发现。微创诊断为这个问题提供了一个潜在的解决方案。然而，如果没有相关身体区域的感觉（触觉），医疗专业人员就不能做出完全知情的诊断。与传统技术相比，这在某些情况下导致功效降低和危险增加。为了克服这一缺陷，光纤光栅可以潜在地用作触觉反馈传感器，以在微创手术中提供否则缺失的感觉。然而，由于缺乏关于所需详细设计以及如何定量测量和验证所需制造的明确信息，这种有前途的方法受到阻碍。到目前为止，制造这些传感器的方法在本质上是非常初级的。该研究项目在定量测量光纤光栅的物理特性，然后将其与所需的触觉传感能力相关联方面迈出了重要一步。这项研究旨在扩大微创手术的安全性和有效性。此外，这项研究还带来了一个重要的额外红利。也就是说，如果基于诊断结果指示这样的程序，则本方法也可以用于随后的外科程序中。总的来说，这项研究是针对更准确的诊断程序的基础上，定量了解光纤光栅和它们的定量使用触觉传感器在医疗实践中。这个研究项目吸收了许多女学生和少数民族学生。也就是说，1）与艾格尼丝斯科特学院的计划（女子学院），以提供在微加工和定量相位成像的研究经验，2）美国国家科学基金会资助的暑期本科生研究工程/科学（SURE）计划，使少数民族接触在线期刊和图书馆数据库，参考管理软件，卵巢癌和前列腺癌在早期阶段的诊断具有挑战性。对这些癌症进行更有效的诊断显然也能改进其他癌症和医疗条件的技术。微创诊断为这个问题提供了一个潜在的解决方案。然而，这些诊断技术在很大程度上缺乏医疗专业人员的感觉（触觉）。光纤光栅传感器可以潜在地提供所需的触觉反馈。然而，目前，还不知道需要什么详细的光纤光栅设计，以及如何测量和定量验证制造的结构。为了解决这一问题，本研究项目的目标是应用定量相位成像（QPI）开发的方法，将同时表征光纤光栅中的折射率分布和残余应力分布。在这个研究项目中开发的新方法是在格鲁吉亚理工学院构思和首次实施的层析反卷积相位显微镜（THEX）方法的扩展。待处理的光纤配置包括1）单个光纤中的单个光栅，2）多个组合光纤中的多个光栅，以及3）多芯光纤中的多个光栅。这些测量代表了第一次同时确定的横截面折射率和应力分布在拟议的高精度和高空间分辨率的水平。光纤布拉格光栅（FBG）和长周期光纤光栅（LPFGs）形成的各种工艺正在进一步分析，以提供深入了解这些光栅作为触觉反馈传感器的性能上的制造效果。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并已被认为是值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估的支持。