Collaborative Research: Antarctic Automatic Weather Station Program 2019-2022

合作研究：南极自动气象站计划2019-2022

• 批准号: 1924730
• 负责人: Matthew Lazzara
• 金额: $ 90.94万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1924730&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Antarctic; Automatic; Weather

The Antarctic Automatic Weather Station network is the most extensive surficial meteorological network in the Antarctic, approaching its 30th year at several of its data stations. Its prime focus is also as a long term observational record, to measure the near surface weather and climatology of the Antarctic atmosphere. Antarctic Automatic Weather Stations measure air-temperature, pressure, wind speed and direction at a nominal surface height of ~ 2-3m. Other parameters such as relative humidity and snow accumulation may also be taken. The surface observations from the Antarctic Automatic Weather Station network are also used operationally, for forecast purposes, and in the planning of field work. Surface observations made from the network have also been used to check the validity of satellite and remote sensing observations. The proposed effort informs our understanding of the Antarctic environment and its weather and climate trends over the past few decades. The research has implications for potential future operations and logistics for the US Antarctic Program during the winter season. As a part of this endeavor, all project participants will engage in a coordinated outreach effort to bring the famous Antarctic "cold" to public seminars, K-12, undergraduate, and graduate classrooms, and senior citizen centers.This project proposes to use the surface conditions observed by the Antarctic Automatic Weather Station (AWS) network to determine how large-scale modes of climate variability impact Antarctic weather and climate, how the surface observations from the AWS network are linked to surface layer and boundary layer processes. Consideration will also be given to low temperature physical environments such as may be encountered during Antarctic winter, and the best ways to characterize these, and other ?cold pool? phenomena. Observational data from the AWS are collected via Iridium network, or DCS Argos aboard either NOAA or MetOp polar orbiting satellites and thus made available in near real time to operational and synoptic weather forecasters over the GTS (WMO Global Telecommunication System). Being able to support improvements in numerical weather prediction and climate modeling will have lasting impacts on Antarctic science and logistical support.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

南极自动气象站网络是南极最广泛的卫星气象网络，其几个数据站已接近30年。它的主要重点也是作为一个长期的观测记录，以测量近地表天气和南极大气的气候学。南极自动气象站测量大气温度、气压、风速和风向，标称表面高度约为2- 3米。其他参数，如相对湿度和积雪也可以采取。南极自动气象站网络的地面观测也用于预报和规划实地工作。该网络进行的地面观测也被用来检查卫星和遥感观测的有效性。拟议的努力使我们了解南极环境及其过去几十年的天气和气候趋势。这项研究对美国南极计划在冬季的潜在未来运作和后勤工作具有影响。作为这一奋进的一部分，所有项目参与者将参与协调的外展工作，将著名的南极“寒冷”带入公共研讨会、K-12、本科生和研究生课堂以及老年人中心。该项目建议使用南极自动气象站（AWS）网络观察到的地表条件来确定大规模气候变化模式如何影响南极天气和气候，AWS网络的地面观测如何与地面层和边界层过程相联系。还将考虑到南极冬季可能遇到的低温物理环境，以及描述这些环境的最佳方法，以及其他问题。冷池？现象。来自自动气象站的观测数据是通过铱网络或NOAA或MetOp极轨道卫星上的DCS Argos收集的，因此可以在接近真实的时间内通过GTS（WMO全球电信系统）提供给业务和天气预报员。能够支持数值天气预报和气候建模的改进将对南极科学和后勤支持产生持久的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

An Investigation of Extreme Cold Events at the South Pole

南极极冷事件的调查

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-21-0404.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Keller, Linda M.;Maloney, Kathryn J.;Lazzara, Matthew A.;Mikolajczyk, David E.;Battista, Stefano Di
• 通讯作者: Battista, Stefano Di

The AntAWS dataset: a compilation of Antarctic automatic weather station observations

• DOI: 10.5194/essd-15-411-2023
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Earth System Science Data
• 影响因子: 11.4
• 作者: Yetang Wang;Xueying Zhang;Wentao Ning;M. Lazzara;M. Ding;C. Reijmer;P. Smeets;P. Grigioni;P. Heil;E. Thomas;David E. Mikolajczyk;L. J. Welhouse;L. Keller;Zhao-Hui Zhai;Yuqi Sun;S. Hou

WMO Evaluation of Two Extreme High Temperatures Occurring in February 2020 for the Antarctic Peninsula Region

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-21-0040.1
• 发表时间: 2021-11-01
• 期刊: BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: Francelino, Marto Rocha;Schaefer, Carlos;Cerveny, Randall S.
• 通讯作者: Cerveny, Randall S.

Comparison of Ventilated and Unventilated Air Temperature Measurements in Inland Dronning Maud Land on the East Antarctic Plateau

东南极高原内陆德隆宁莫德地通风与不通风气温测量比较

• DOI: 10.1175/jtech-d-21-0107.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Morino, Shohei;Kurita, Noayuki;Hirasawa, Noahiko;Motoyama, Hideaki;Sugiura, Konosuke;Lazzara, Matthew;Mikolajczyk, David;Welhouse, Lee;Keller, Linda;Weidner, George
• 通讯作者: Weidner, George

Assessing observation network design predictions for monitoring Antarctic surface temperature

• DOI: 10.1002/qj.4226
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8.9
• 作者: R. Tardif;G. Hakim;K. Bumbaco;M. Lazzara;Kevin W. Manning;David E. Mikolajczyk;Jordan G. Powers