RESEARCH-PGR: Genomic analysis of heat stress tolerance during tomato pollination

RESEARCH-PGR：番茄授粉过程中热应激耐受性的基因组分析

• 批准号: 1939255
• 负责人: Mark Johnson
• 金额: $ 300万
• 依托单位: Brown University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1939255&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RESEARCH; PGR; Genomic; analysis; heat

High temperatures during flowering and pollination can result in significant fruit losses, because of heat sensitivity of pollen tube growth. Different tomato varieties show significant differences in heat sensitivity of pollen tube growth. Making use of this naturally occurring variety, this project seeks to identify the molecular basis of adaptations that mitigate the yield-damaging consequences of heat stress during crop reproduction. The goal is to develop new tomato varieties that are fertile and continue to produce fruits at high temperature. This project will train undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in genome science, developmental biology, and computational analysis of genetic variation. The project will build on the successful outreach program developed by one of the team members. This program has been used to teach plant genetics and the science of plant breeding and genetic engineering to more than 1000 9th grade students, tailoring it to focus on the effects of temperature stress on tomato reproduction.It is hypothesized that thermotolerant tomato varieties express a pollen tube heat stress response that is either absent or diminished in thermosensitive cultivars and that the thermotolerant pistil buffers heat stress and facilitates pollen tube growth. To identify the molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance in tomato, transcription changes that accompany heat stress in pollen tubes and pistil will be measured in heat tolerant and heat sensitive tomato varieties. Haploid selection mapping of pollen tube heat tolerance will be performed, followed by experimental tests whether identified candidate genes are causally related to heat tolerance. This project will generate accessible and readily available community databases 1) detailing reproductive gene expression responses to elevated temperature and 2) registering genetic variants across hundreds of tomato genomes to enable analysis of heat stress adaptation and other traits. The project will define the transcriptional changes that accompany heat stress in the pollen tube and pistil (Aim 1), genetic variation responsible for pollen tube thermotolerance (Aims 2 and 3), and the functions of individual thermotolerance genes using reverse genetics (Aim 4).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于花粉管生长的热敏性，开花和授粉期间的高温可导致显著的果实损失。不同番茄品种的花粉管生长热敏感性存在明显差异。利用这种自然发生的品种，该项目旨在确定适应的分子基础，以减轻作物繁殖过程中热胁迫对产量造成的损害。目标是开发新的番茄品种，这些品种是肥沃的，并在高温下继续生产水果。该项目将在基因组科学、发育生物学和遗传变异的计算分析方面培训本科生、研究生和博士后研究员。该项目将建立在一名团队成员开发的成功外展计划的基础上。该计划已被用于教授植物遗传学和植物育种和基因工程科学，超过1000名9年级学生，有人假设，耐热番茄品种表达的花粉管热应激反应是不存在的或减少的温度敏感品种和耐热雌蕊缓冲热应激，促进花粉管生长。为了鉴定番茄耐热性的分子机制，将在耐热和热敏感番茄品种中测量花粉管和雌蕊中伴随热胁迫的转录变化。将进行花粉管耐热性的单倍体选择作图，然后进行实验测试所鉴定的候选基因是否与耐热性有因果关系。该项目将生成可访问和随时可用的社区数据库，1）详细说明生殖基因对高温的表达反应，2）登记数百个番茄基因组的遗传变异，以分析热应激适应和其他性状。该项目将定义伴随着花粉管和雌蕊中的热胁迫的转录变化（Aim1），这是负责花粉管耐热性的遗传变异（目标2和3），和功能的个别耐热基因使用反向遗传学（目的4）该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的评估被认为值得支持。影响审查标准。

项目成果

Synergid cell calcium oscillations refine understanding of FERONIA/LORELEI signaling during interspecific hybridization

• DOI: 10.1007/s00497-023-00483-6
• 发表时间: 2023-11
• 期刊: Plant Reproduction
• 影响因子: 3.4
• 作者: Nathaniel Ponvert;Mark A. Johnson