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RESEARCH-PGR: Genomic analysis of heat stress tolerance during tomato pollination

RESEARCH-PGR：番茄授粉过程中热应激耐受性的基因组分析

基本信息

批准号：
1939255
负责人：
Mark Johnson
金额：
$ 300万
依托单位：
Brown University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1939255&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RESEARCH PGR Genomic analysis heat

项目摘要

High temperatures during flowering and pollination can result in significant fruit losses, because of heat sensitivity of pollen tube growth. Different tomato varieties show significant differences in heat sensitivity of pollen tube growth. Making use of this naturally occurring variety, this project seeks to identify the molecular basis of adaptations that mitigate the yield-damaging consequences of heat stress during crop reproduction. The goal is to develop new tomato varieties that are fertile and continue to produce fruits at high temperature. This project will train undergraduate and graduate students and postdoctoral fellows in genome science, developmental biology, and computational analysis of genetic variation. The project will build on the successful outreach program developed by one of the team members. This program has been used to teach plant genetics and the science of plant breeding and genetic engineering to more than 1000 9th grade students, tailoring it to focus on the effects of temperature stress on tomato reproduction.It is hypothesized that thermotolerant tomato varieties express a pollen tube heat stress response that is either absent or diminished in thermosensitive cultivars and that the thermotolerant pistil buffers heat stress and facilitates pollen tube growth. To identify the molecular mechanisms of thermotolerance in tomato, transcription changes that accompany heat stress in pollen tubes and pistil will be measured in heat tolerant and heat sensitive tomato varieties. Haploid selection mapping of pollen tube heat tolerance will be performed, followed by experimental tests whether identified candidate genes are causally related to heat tolerance. This project will generate accessible and readily available community databases 1) detailing reproductive gene expression responses to elevated temperature and 2) registering genetic variants across hundreds of tomato genomes to enable analysis of heat stress adaptation and other traits. The project will define the transcriptional changes that accompany heat stress in the pollen tube and pistil (Aim 1), genetic variation responsible for pollen tube thermotolerance (Aims 2 and 3), and the functions of individual thermotolerance genes using reverse genetics (Aim 4).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于花粉管生长的热敏感性，开花和授粉期间的高温会导致大量果实损失。不同番茄品种花粉管生长的热敏感性存在显着差异。该项目旨在利用这种自然发生的品种，找出适应的分子基础，以减轻作物繁殖过程中热应激对产量造成的损害后果。目标是开发肥沃且在高温下持续结果的番茄新品种。该项目将培训基因组科学、发育生物学和遗传变异计算分析方面的本科生、研究生和博士后。该项目将建立在一名团队成员开发的成功外展计划的基础上。该项目已用于向 1000 多名九年级学生教授植物遗传学以及植物育种和基因工程科学，重点关注温度胁迫对番茄繁殖的影响。据推测，耐热番茄品种表现出花粉管热应激反应，而这种反应在热敏品种中要么不存在或减弱，并且耐热雌蕊缓冲热应激并促进花粉管生长。为了确定番茄耐热性的分子机制，将在耐热和热敏感番茄品种中测量花粉管和雌蕊中伴随热应激的转录变化。将进行花粉管耐热性的单倍体选择作图，然后通过实验测试所识别的候选基因是否与耐热性存在因果关系。该项目将生成易于访问和随时可用的社区数据库，1）详细说明生殖基因表达对高温的反应，2）记录数百个番茄基因组的遗传变异，以便分析热应激适应和其他性状。该项目将定义花粉管和雌蕊中伴随热应激的转录变化（目标 1）、负责花粉管耐热性的遗传变异（目标 2 和 3）以及使用反向遗传学的个体耐热基因的功能（目标 4）。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持标准。