Collaborative Research: Coordination, Data Management and Enhancement of the International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP), and US Interagency Arctic Buoy Programme (USIABP)

合作研究：国际北极浮标计划（IABP）和美国机构间北极浮标计划（USIABP）的协调、数据管理和加强

• 批准号: 1951762
• 负责人: Ignatius Rigor
• 金额: $ 266.58万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1951762&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Coordination; Data; Management

The ability to predict weather across the globe, and sea ice conditions critical for defense and maritime operations in the Arctic, requires observations of surface meteorology and ice/ocean currents. The US Interagency Arctic Buoy Program (USIABP) and International Arctic Buoy Programme (IABP) maintain this fundamental Arctic Observing Network across the expanse of the Arctic Ocean. Observations and data sets produced by Polar Science Center (PSC) and University of Washington Applied Physics Laboratory (APL) for the IABP have led to advancing scientific understanding of regional and global impacts influenced by changes in the Arctic Ocean. Through diverse outreach efforts, the PIs will disseminate their scientific findings in media interviews and participate in the annual Polar Science Weekend and Climate Curiosity Days at Seattle's Pacific Science Center. This project also provides opportunities to Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) based programs that work with high school students to learn about, design and launch buoys, and support US Naval Academy student buoy engineering projects. The researchers have developed a low-cost open source Arctic buoy to gather more data, and are involved in producing a range of data visualization art projects to engage the public with the Arctic through exhibition venues in Canada, Norway, and the US including at the National Academy of Sciences in Washington D.C.The USIABP will deploy buoys in the increasing areas of open water in the Arctic during summer and has established a semi-permanent test site in Utqiagvik, Alaska, to assess the quality of the instruments now used by the IABP to observe the Arctic Ocean. This project intends to maintain a network of buoys with a spacing of less than 250 km, or more than 200 buoys spread across the Arctic Ocean, and with deployment logistics that include: 1) aircraft landing on the sea ice in the spring; 2) icebreakers deploying buoys for the IABP as opportunities arise; and 3) aircraft dropping buoys onto the sea ice. These observations are assimilated into Numerical Weather Prediction (NWP) models that are used to forecast weather on synoptic time scales, and into the many long-term atmospheric reanalyses that are used for climate studies. Overall, the observations from the IABP are essential for: 1) monitoring Arctic and global climate change; 2) forcing, assimilation, and validation of global weather and climate models; and 3) validation of satellite derived estimates of sea ice motion, surface temperature, and sea ice thickness. Further, IABP Observations are shared through the IABP server, the World Meteorological Organization and Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission (WMO/IOC) Global Telecommunications System (GTS), and stored in publicly accessible archives including the NSF Arctic Data Center. These observations provide the longest continuing record for the Arctic and have been one of the cornerstones of the Arctic Observing Network for environmental forecasting and studies of climate and climate change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

预测地球仪天气的能力，以及对北极防御和海上行动至关重要的海冰条件，需要对地面气象和冰/洋流进行观测。美国机构间北极浮标计划（USIABP）和国际北极浮标计划（IABP）在北冰洋的广阔海域维持着这一基本的北极观测网络。极地科学中心（PSC）和华盛顿大学应用物理实验室（APL）为IABP制作的观测和数据集，促进了对北冰洋变化影响的区域和全球影响的科学理解。通过各种外联工作，PI将在媒体采访中传播他们的科学发现，并参加在西雅图太平洋科学中心举行的年度极地科学周末和气候科学日。该项目还提供了机会，科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）为基础的计划，与高中学生一起学习，设计和发射浮标，并支持美国海军学院学生浮标工程项目。研究人员开发了一种低成本的开源北极浮标来收集更多的数据，并参与制作了一系列数据可视化艺术项目，通过在加拿大、挪威、包括在华盛顿的美国国家科学院。美国南极基地将在夏季在北极不断增加的开放水域部署浮标，并建立了一个半在阿拉斯加Utqiagvik的一个永久试验场，评估IABP目前用于观测北冰洋的仪器的质量。该项目旨在维持一个浮标网络，其间距小于250公里，或分布在整个北冰洋的200多个浮标，部署后勤包括：1）春季在海冰上降落的飞机; 2）破冰船在出现机会时为IABP部署浮标; 3）飞机将浮标投放到海冰上。这些观测结果被同化到用于天气时间尺度天气预报的数值天气预报（NWP）模式中，并被同化到用于气候研究的许多长期大气再分析中。总体而言，IABP的观测对于以下方面至关重要：1）监测北极和全球气候变化; 2）全球天气和气候模式的强迫、同化和验证; 3）海冰运动、表面温度和海冰厚度的卫星估计的验证。此外，IABP观测数据通过IABP服务器、世界气象组织和政府间海洋学委员会（WMO/IOC）全球电信系统（GTS）共享，并存储在包括NSF北极数据中心在内的公开访问档案中。这些观测为北极提供了持续时间最长的记录，并已成为北极观测网络环境预报和气候与气候变化研究的基石之一。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Float Your Boat - Norway. School students, small wooden boats and marine research in the Arctic

漂浮你的船 - 挪威。

• DOI: 10.5194/egusphere-egu21-16269
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: EGU General Assembly 2021
• 作者: Lygre, K.

Remotely Monitored Buoys for Observing the Growth and Development of Sea Ice In Situ

用于现场观察海冰生长和发展的远程监测浮标

• DOI: 10.1175/jtech-d-20-0183.1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology
• 影响因子: 2.2
• 作者: Obbard, Rachel W.;Bradley, Alice C.;Rigor, Ignatius
• 通讯作者: Rigor, Ignatius

Chapter 5: Trends in the Physical and Chemical State of the Ocean

第五章：海洋物理和化学状态的趋势

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: The Second World Ocean Assessment
• 作者: Carlos Garcia-Soto

Arctic Ice

• DOI: 10.1038/162988c0
• 发表时间: 1948
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8

The Year of Polar Prediction in the Southern Hemisphere (YOPP-SH)

• DOI: 10.1175/bams-d-19-0255.1
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society
• 影响因子: 8
• 作者: D. Bromwich;K. Werner;B. Casati;Jordan G. Powers;I. Gorodetskaya;F. Massonnet;V. Vitale;Victoria J. Heinrich;D. Liggett;Stefanie Arndt;B. Barja;E. Bazile;Scott Carpentier;Jorge Carrasco;T. Choi;Yonghan Choi;S. Colwell;R. Cordero;M. Gervasi;T. Haiden;N. Hirasawa;J. Inoue;T. Jung;H. Kalesse;Seong‐Joong Kim;M. Lazzara;Kevin W. Manning;K. Norris;Sang‐Jong Park;P. Reid;I. Rigor;P. Rowe;H. Schmithüsen;P. Seifert;Qizhen Sun;T. Uttal;M. Zannoni;X. Zou