IGE: Toward an interdisciplinary blueprint for Open Science Graduate Education

任何科学事业的基石都是重复实验的能力：用同样的仪器遵循同样的指令，获得同样的结果。不幸的是，在当代科学研究中存在着许多阻碍普遍可重复性的障碍。这些限制包括实验描述中的关键遗漏或模糊指示，以及需要订阅的期刊，从而限制了对整个科学产品的访问。 开放科学是进行可重复研究的一种方法，但其实践很难采用，而且耗时。国家科学基金会研究生教育创新（IGE）奖给格鲁吉亚大学将试行一项教育计划，该计划将学生和教师组成团队进行研究，最终目标是降低进行开放科学的障碍，并促进机构向开放和透明的科学方法转变。该项目将激励研究和教育中的开放科学实践，并将为学生和教师提供额外的培训机会，以获得在当代研究环境中无法提供的开放科学技能。该项目将建立新的课程，为未来的学生和教师创造新的机会，并赋予他们在各个领域都非常需要的技能。最近的调查揭示了一种普遍的信念，即科学中存在广泛的可重复性危机。跨学科的例子比比皆是：开创性的研究在后来的审查和复制尝试中被发现是不可复制的。开放科学提供了一种原则性的，尽管抽象的，强调开放性和可重复性的科学研究方法。大多数科学家同意必须解决可重复性问题。然而，开放实践的采用仍然是贫血的，因为围绕研究的文化没有得到足够的激励来改变，开放科学的实践也没有被定义为一个具体的过程。这个为期3年的项目旨在研究如何促进格鲁吉亚大学的研究和教育实践的文化转变。至关重要的是，这种方法是面向过程和双向的：学生将在他们的研究生职业生涯的不同阶段被招募为实验组群，并在他们之间建立一个同伴支持结构。还将招募教师：参与研究生的导师和开放科学和机构变革的专家。这些学生和教师，代表各种STEM学科，将参加一系列研讨会，以获得开放科学的正式了解。参与的教师将通过他们自己的开放科学培训与外部专家，课程修改，以及一个跨学科的研究生证书课程正式化的课程和标准，在开放科学的原则和实践的培训来维持这一课程。这将建立一个影响者网络，以实现广泛的制度变革，进一步促进采用开放科学的文化转变。研究生教育创新（IGE）计划的重点是研究生教育的研究。IGE的目标是试验、测试和验证研究生教育的创新方法，并产生将这些方法推广到更广泛的社区所需的知识。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

The bedrock of any scientific enterprise is the ability to reproduce experiments: following the same set of instructions with the same instruments and obtaining the same results. Unfortunately, there are numerous obstacles in contemporary scientific research that preclude universal reproducibility. These range from key omissions or vague instructions in the experimental description to journals that require subscriptions and thus restrict access to the entire scientific product. Open Science is an approach to conducting reproducible research, but its practices are difficult and time-consuming to adopt. The National Science Foundation Innovations in Graduate Education (IGE) award to University of Georgia will pilot an educational program that teams up students and faculty conducting research, with the ultimate goal of lowering barriers to conducting Open Science and catalyzing an institutional shift toward an open and transparent approach to science. The project will incentivize Open Science practices in research and education and will provide additional training opportunities to students and faculty alike to obtain skills in Open Science that are otherwise not offered in a contemporary research setting. This project will establish new curricula, creating new opportunities for future students and faculty as well as endowing them with skills that are highly sought in a variety of fields. Recent surveys reveal a pervasive belief that there is a broad reproducibility crisis in science. Examples abound across disciplines: seminal studies have been, upon later scrutiny and attempts to replicate, revealed as irreproducible. Open Science offers a principled, albeit abstract, approach to scientific research that emphasizes openness and reproducibility. Most scientists agree reproducibility must be addressed. Yet, the adoption of open practices has remained anemic, as the culture surrounding research has not been sufficiently incentivized to change, nor has the practice of Open Science been defined as a concrete process. This 3-year project aims to study how to catalyze a cultural shift in the research and educational practices at the University of Georgia. Critically, the approach is process-oriented and bidirectional: students will be recruited at varying stages of their graduate careers as the experimental cohort, and a peer support structure will be established among them. Faculty will also be recruited: supervisors of participating graduate students and experts in Open Science and institutional change. These students and faculty, representing a variety of STEM disciplines, will participate in a series of workshops to obtain a formal understanding of Open Science. Participating faculty will sustain this curriculum through their own Open Science training with external experts, course modifications, and an interdisciplinary graduate certificate program formalizing the coursework and standards for training in Open Science principles and practices. This will establish a network of influencers to effect broad institutional change, further facilitating a cultural shift toward adoption of Open Science. The Innovations in Graduate Education (IGE) program is focused on research in graduate education. The goals of IGE are to pilot, test and validate innovative approaches to graduate education and to generate the knowledge required to move these approaches into the broader community.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.