CAREER: INTEGRATED WATER, ENERGY, AND EMISSIONS DECISION MAKING FOR A LOW CARBON FUTURE WITH COAL-FIRED POWER PLANTS

职业：通过燃煤电厂实现水资源、能源和排放的综合决策，实现低碳未来

• 批准号: 2023841
• 负责人: Meagan Mauter
• 金额: $ 42.41万
• 依托单位: Stanford University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2023841&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; INTEGRATED; WATER; ENERGY; EMISSIONS

1554117MauterCost-effectively reducing the human health and environmental externalities of electricity generation is a defining sustainability challenge of the 21st century. Solutions to this complex problem will necessarily span multiple spatial scales, time scales, and disciplines. Integrated decision models can aid researchers, engineering practitioners, and policy makers in moving away from short-term fixes toward holistic sustainability solutions. The proposed research develops an integrated decision model for coal-fired power plants that investigates the effects of market conditions, regulatory policy, power plant emission control processes, and materials performance on the cost of sustainable electricity generation.The most significant barriers to performing integrated assessment of coal-fired power plants are uncertainties in: 1) the cost and efficacy of wastewater treatment technologies for compliance with proposed effluent limitation guidelines issued by the EPA; 2) the interaction effects between air and water emission control technologies during phased implementation of emission regulations at coal-fired power plants; 3) the viability of alternative wastewater treatment processes that circumvent auxiliary power consumption by using waste heat from coal-fired power plants processes; and, 4) the role that new membrane materials might play in enabling these alternative water treatment processes in the future. The proposed work will fill these fundamental knowledge gaps and integrate the findings into an aqueous emissions control decision model that guides policy, directs compliance pathways, motivates technology development, and enables the reliable prediction of future emissions. The most significant barrier to stakeholders using integrated decision-making tools to inform compliance pathways at coal-fired power plants is that these academically-derived tools rarely evolve with stakeholder needs. The proposed stakeholder engagement process, beginning with a research prioritization workshop, continuing through yearly meetings, and culminating in a simple and adaptive decision tool, will increase the probability that this model is widely adopted. Additional outreach and educational tasks are integrated into the model development process and span the K-12, undergraduate, and doctoral research communities. The principal investigator (PI) will engage high-school students in documenting aqueous emissions from Ohio River Valley coal-fired power plants. The PI will also develop a formal mentorship program for undergraduate researchers and doctoral student mentors in the PI's laboratory that will promote targeted goal setting, improve skill development, and enhance retention of undergraduate researchers in STEM fields.

1554117Mauter 经济高效地减少发电对人类健康和环境的外部性影响是 21 世纪可持续发展的一项决定性挑战。这个复杂问题的解决方案必然跨越多个空间尺度、时间尺度和学科。综合决策模型可以帮助研究人员、工程从业者和政策制定者从短期修复转向整体可持续解决方案。拟议的研究开发了一个燃煤电厂的综合决策模型，该模型调查了市场条件、监管政策、电厂排放控制流程和材料性能对可持续发电成本的影响。对燃煤电厂进行综合评估的最大障碍是以下方面的不确定性：1）废水处理技术的成本和功效，以符合美国环保局发布的拟议废水限制指南； 2）燃煤电厂排放法规阶段性实施过程中大气和水排放控制技术的交互作用； 3) 通过利用燃煤电厂工艺余热来规避辅助电力消耗的替代废水处理工艺的可行性； 4）新型膜材料在未来实现这些替代水处理工艺中可能发挥的作用。拟议的工作将填补这些基础知识空白，并将研究结果整合到水排放控制决策模型中，该模型可指导政策、指导合规途径、推动技术开发并实现对未来排放的可靠预测。利益相关者使用综合决策工具来告知燃煤电厂的合规途径的最大障碍是，这些学术衍生的工具很少随着利益相关者的需求而发展。拟议的利益相关者参与过程从研究优先顺序研讨会开始，持续到年度会议，最终形成一个简单且适应性强的决策工具，将增加该模型被广泛采用的可能性。其他外展和教育任务被整合到模型开发过程中，涵盖 K-12、本科生和博士研究社区。首席研究员 (PI) 将让高中生参与记录俄亥俄河谷燃煤发电厂的水排放。 PI 还将为 PI 实验室的本科生研究人员和博士生导师制定正式的导师计划，以促进有针对性的目标设定、提高技能发展并提高 STEM 领域本科生研究人员的保留率。