RAPID: The Social and Behavioral Impact of COVID-19

RAPID：COVID-19 的社会和行为影响

• 批准号: 2027278
• 负责人: Beth Red Bird
• 金额: $ 19.95万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-04-01 至 2021-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2027278&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Social; Behavioral; Impact; COVID

The COVID-19 pandemic is quickly making broad changes to American society. This project surveys the public opinions, attitudes, and behaviors of thousands of Americans in order to map and track the social disruptions caused by the outbreak, economic shutdowns, and responding public policies. The project will enhance understanding of (1) effectiveness of public policy in changing individual behavior to conform with public health recommendations; (2) the ways in which different forms of public communication create understanding about the pandemic and distribute public health recommendations; and (3) social and psychological stress caused by social distance and quarantine. The rise of SARS, MERS, H1N1, and COVID-19 underline the need to understand these phenomena – not just the epidemiology of pandemics, but the effective social policies and practices that create positive behaviors and mitigate harms. This will not be the last event of its kind, but with a thorough understanding of its effects, we can be better prepared for the next one. As such, the findings will inform governmental policies at several levels. It will also inform civic leaders and residents, thus helping all to mount efforts to mitigate pandemics’ effects.The COVID-19 pandemic has quickly disrupted American life. Surveys of opinions and attitudes and behaviors can track both these social disruptions and responses to them. The project utilizes an internet panel of 500 respondents, recruited daily throughout the period of contagion increase, for a total of 7,000 respondents. The sample is nationally representative, with an oversample of individuals over age 55. Once the peak number of cases has passed, daily sample size will be reduced to 250 respondents per day, for another sample totaling 7,500. To ensure representation, the project will utilize quota sampling with post-stratification weighting. Survey responses will be matched with local health department data, including number of tests, confirmed cases, and fatalities, as well as other policy data, including school closures, gubernatorial announcements and orders, and state-level legislative actions. By including geographic measures, the project will ensure future researchers will be able to explore how community actions affected respondents’ attitudes, well-being, and public health behaviors. Findings from the project will inform sociological theories regarding scientific knowledge, inequality, political institutions, community, stress and social trust.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

COVID-19 大流行正在迅速给美国社会带来广泛的变化。 该项目调查了数千名美国人的舆论、态度和行为，以绘制和跟踪疫情、经济停​​摆和应对公共政策造成的社会混乱。 该项目将增进对以下方面的理解：(1) 公共政策在改变个人行为以符合公共卫生建议方面的有效性； (2) 不同形式的公众沟通如何增进对这一流行病的了解并分发公共卫生建议； (3) 社交距离和隔离造成的社会和心理压力。 SARS、MERS、H1N1 和 COVID-19 的兴起凸显了了解这些现象的必要性 — — 不仅是大流行病的流行病学，还包括能够创造积极行为并减轻危害的有效社会政策和实践。 这不会是此类事件的最后一次，但通过对其影响的透彻了解，我们可以为下一次事件做好更好的准备。因此，研究结果将为多个层面的政府政策提供信息。它还将告知公民领袖和居民，从而帮助所有人加大努力减轻流行病的影响。COVID-19 大流行很快扰乱了美国人的生活。对观点、态度和行为的调查可以追踪这些社会扰乱以及对它们的反应。该项目利用了由 500 名受访者组成的互联网小组，在传染增加期间每天招募受访者，总共 7,000 名受访者。 该样本具有全国代表性，对 55 岁以上的个体进行了过度抽样。一旦病例数量高峰过去，每日样本量将减少至每天 250 名受访者，另一个样本总数为 7,500 名。 为了确保代表性，该项目将利用配额抽样和分层后加权。 调查回复将与当地卫生部门的数据（包括检测数量、确诊病例和死亡人数）以及其他政策数据（包括学校关闭、州长公告和命令以及州级立法行动）相匹配。 通过纳入地理测量，该项目将确保未来的研究人员能够探索社区行为如何影响受访者的态度、福祉和公共卫生行为。 该项目的研究结果将为有关科学知识、不平等、政治制度、社区、压力和社会信任的社会学理论提供信息。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。