RAPID: Evaluation of Science Advice in a Pandemic Emergency (EScAPE)

科学知识和专门知识在支持有效决策方面日益重要。近几十年来，美国和世界各地的其他国家设计并建立了体制机制，以更好地获得科学建议。冠状病毒大流行使这些机构面临考验，为评估它们在全球危机背景下的表现提供了难得的机会。该项目对大流行紧急情况下的科学建议机制进行了比较的国际评估。随着大流行的继续，这项研究的结果将对那些正在解决对科学建议的持续需求的机构具有潜在的直接相关性。更广泛地说，这项研究具有巨大的潜力，有助于继续改进科学咨询做法，这只会在面对21世纪的挑战时变得更加重要。本研究项目对科学建议在国家大流行应对中的作用进行了国际比较分析(S)。该项目与国际政府科学咨询网络(INGSA)合作，该网络的成员包括来自90多个国家的科学咨询学者和从业人员。这项研究的结果具有相当大的学术价值，因为对大流行的不断演变的反应提供了一个真正的“政策实验室”，以探索和理解向决策者提供科学建议的情况。具体地说，该项目委托进行了一系列关于科学建议在制定政策和应对新冠肺炎大流行病的决策过程中的不同模式和应用的国家案例研究，支持收集关于科学证据在决策中的实时使用(以及未使用和误用)的易腐烂的当代数据，重点是正式的科学建议机制。我们的评估结果将为世界各地的科学咨询机制提供信息，随着大流行的继续，这些机制面临着紧迫的挑战。这项工作的初步和正在进行的成果将立即在国家一级相关决策者的基础上通过INGSA分享，这将最大限度地发挥通过案例研究吸取的经验教训在形成新冠肺炎疫情的科学咨询过程中发挥积极作用的潜力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为是值得支持的。

Scientific knowledge and expertise are increasingly important in support of effective decision making. In recent decades, the United States and other nations around the world have designed and put into place institutional mechanisms to better secure science advice. The Coronavirus pandemic has put these institutions to the test, offering a rare opportunity to assess their performance in the context of a global crisis. This project performs a comparative, international evaluation of mechanisms of science advice in the pandemic emergency. As the pandemic continues, the results of this research will be of potential immediate relevance to institutions that are addressing the continuing need for science advice. More broadly, this research has great potential to contribute to the continued improvement of scientific advisory practices, which will only become more important in confronting challenges of the 21st century.This research project performs an international comparative analysis of the role(s) of science advice in national pandemic response. The project partners with the International Network for Government Science Advice (INGSA), which includes in its membership science advice scholars and practitioners from over 90 countries. The results of this research have considerable intellectual merit, as the evolving response to the pandemic offers a true “policy laboratory” to explore and understand the provision of science advice to decisions makers. Specifically, this project commissions a set of national case studies on diverse models and applications of science advice in shaping policies and decision-making in response to the Covid-19 pandemic, supporting the collection of perishable, contemporary data on the real-time uses (along with non-use, misuse) of scientific evidence in decision making, with a focus on formal mechanisms of science advice. The results of our evaluation will inform science advisory mechanisms around the world, which face urgent challenges as the pandemic continues. The initial and ongoing results of this work will be immediately shared with relevant decision makers in national settings, based on the network already in place via INGSA, this maximizing the potential for the lessons learned via the case studies to have a positive role in shaping science advisory processes in the COVID-19 epidemic. Project materials will also be made more generally available via a readily-accessible project website.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.