RAPID: Emotional and neural influences on decision-making in the context of COVID-19

RAPID：在 COVID-19 背景下情绪和神经对决策的影响

• 批准号: 2031708
• 负责人: Samuel McClure
• 金额: $ 11.87万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031708&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Emotional; neural; influences; decision

Emotions color and shape the way people perceive the world and thus how they make decisions and form memories; and those emotional impacts in turn can depend upon specific brain structures and functions. These effects are especially consequential in the context of the emotionally charged decisions and actions needed to respond effectively to the COVID-19 pandemic. To address these issues, in combination with data on pre-pandemic behavior and brain architecture, this project will measure how emotional state during the COVID-19 pandemic alters decision-making, and how that varies with the structure of the brain's dopamine system. Improved understanding of decision making in the context of the pandemic may enable us to design new interventions and information formats that will increase preparedness and resilience. The effects of emotions on decisions and memory have both been posited to depend on the brain’s dopamine system, which is involved in processing emotions and rewards. The project will determine the extent to which dopamine system anatomy and function predict changes in decision-making and memory in the current context of the pandemic. This project leverages a recently completed neuroimaging study that includes structural, functional, and diffusion-weighted data, which characterized the dopamine system in a group of 50 participants who completed a series of cognitive and behavioral tasks assessing impulsivity, inhibitory control, and value-directed memory formation. To assess the emotional impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on decision-making, these same cognitive and behavioral tasks will be made available online to the same group of participants from the previous study. The degree to which emotional state, and pre-existing dopamine system anatomy, predicts differences in decision-making and memory formation relative to baseline will be tested. Dopamine system anatomy is predicted to moderate the relationship among emotions, cognition, and behavior. Overall, the project will contribute to an understanding of how brain and emotion combine to impact behavioral responses to COVID-19.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

情绪对人们感知世界的方式以及他们如何做出决定和形成记忆的方式进行着色和塑造；而这些情绪影响反过来又取决于特定的大脑结构和功能。在有效应对新冠肺炎疫情所需的情绪激动的决定和行动的背景下，这些影响尤其重要。为了解决这些问题，结合大流行前行为和大脑架构的数据，该项目将测量新冠肺炎大流行期间的情绪状态如何改变决策，以及这种变化如何随大脑多巴胺系统的结构而变化。加强对大流行病背景下的决策的理解，可能使我们能够设计新的干预措施和信息格式，以提高防备能力和复原力。情绪对决策和记忆的影响都被认为依赖于大脑的多巴胺系统，该系统涉及处理情绪和奖励。该项目将确定多巴胺系统解剖和功能在多大程度上预测在当前大流行背景下决策和记忆的变化。该项目利用了最近完成的一项神经成像研究，该研究包括结构、功能和扩散加权数据，该研究描述了一组50名参与者的多巴胺系统，这些参与者完成了一系列评估冲动、抑制控制和价值导向记忆形成的认知和行为任务。为了评估新冠肺炎疫情对决策的情绪影响，与前一项研究相同的参与者将在网上获得同样的认知和行为任务。情绪状态和先前存在的多巴胺系统解剖结构在多大程度上预测决策和记忆形成相对于基线的差异将得到测试。据预测，多巴胺系统解剖学将调节情绪、认知和行为之间的关系。总体而言，该项目将有助于理解大脑和情绪是如何结合在一起影响对COVID-19的行为反应的。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。